Suchergebnis: Katalogdaten im Herbstsemester 2017

Erdwissenschaften Master Information
Vertiefung in Geology
Pflichtmodul Analytical Methods in Earth Sciences
Es sind je 6KP innerhalb dem Teil A und 6KP innerhalb dem Teil B zu belegen.
Teil A: Mikroskopie Kurse
NummerTitelTypECTSUmfangDozierende
651-4045-00LMicroscopy of Metamorphic RocksW+2 KP2GP. Nievergelt
KurzbeschreibungRepetition kristalloptischer Methoden mit dem Durchlicht-Polarisationsmikroskop.
Untersuchung und Beschreibung des metamorphen Mineralbestands und Gefüges. Bestimmung der zeitlichen Abfolge von Kristallisations- und Deformationsprozessen.
Abschätzung von Metamorphosegrad.
Lernziel- Erweiterte Kenntnisse in optischer Mineralogie.
- Beherrschung mikroskopischer Mineral-Bestimmungsmethoden.
- Identifizierung u. Charakterisierung von metamorphen Mineralen
- Gesteinsbeschreibung und korrekte Namengebung aufgrund von modalem Mineralbestand sowie von Struktur und Textur.
- Interpretation der Gesteinsgefüge sowie der Paragenese und der Mineralreaktionen.
Inhalt- Kurze Repetition der wichtigsten optischen Eigenschaften und der mikroskopischen Methoden zur Identifikation der gesteinsbildenden Minerale. Im Besonderen: Auswertung der Interferenzfiguren im konoskopischen Strahlengang.
- Mikroskopieren von Dünnschliffen typischer metam. Gesteine.
- Studium und Beschreibung des metamorphen Mineralbestands und des Gefüges. Bestimmung der zeitlichen Abfolge von Kristallisations- und Deformationsprozessen.
- Abschätzung von Metamorphosegrad anhand der Paragenesen.
- Mengenbestimmung, Angabe der Prozentanteile von Komponenten
- Wissenschaftliche Dokumentation dieser Information: Beschreibungen, Zeichnungen, Mikrophotographie mit verschiedenen Beleuchtungsarten und mit linear- oder zirkularpolarisiertem Licht.
SkriptUnterlagen zur Theorie (in Englisch) und den Übungen werden verteilt
Die Unterlagen zum ETH Bachelor-Kurs im 6. Semester "Mikroskopie der Gesteine" enthalten den Grundstoff.
Literatur- Puhan, D.: Anleitung zur Dünnschliffmikroskopie (1994). (Kristalloptik und praktisches Vorgehen. Durchblättern dieses Buches empfohlen)
- Nesse, W.D.: Introduction to optical mineralogy. 3. Ed. (2004). Die Figuren zur Theorie werden im Kurs verwendet. Das Buch enthält opt. Mineraldaten. Benutzen oder kaufen Sie dieses Buch von Nesse, wenn Sie petrographische Arbeiten an diversen silikatischen Gesteinen durchführen.
- Pichler, H. und Schmitt-Riegraf, C.: Gesteinsbildende Minerale im Dünnschliff (1993). Ein Mineral-Bestimmungsbuch. Empfohlen für petrographische Arbeiten (deutsch). 2. Auflage, ist vergriffen, ist eventuell bei älteren Studenten erhältlich.
- Tröger, W.E.: Optische Bestimmung der gesteinsbildenden Minerale. Teil 1. Bestimmungstabellen (1982). Diese Tabellen sind im Kurs vorhanden.
- Yardley, B.W.D., Mackenzie, W.S. und Guilford, C.: Atlas metamorpher Gesteine und ihrer Gefüge in Dünnschliffen (1992). Dieses Bilderbuch sollten Sie einmal durchblättern. Die Originalausgabe ist in English.
Die Bücher sind auch in der D-ERDW-Bibliothek im Gebäude NO, D-Stock.
Voraussetzungen / BesonderesTeilnehmerzahl 24.
Vorausgesetzt werden Grundkenntnisse in Kristallographie-Mineralogie-Petrographie.
Sie müssen einführende Kurse in Polarisationsmikroskopie, Gesteinsmetamorphose und Strukturgeologie absolviert haben!

Weitere Mikroskopie-Kurse am D-ERDW der ETH Zürich sind:
- Mikroskopieren magmatischer Gesteine, anschliessend an diesen Kurs in der zweiten Semesterhälfte (P. Ulmer, IGP; Inst. für Geochemie und Petrologie)
- Mikroskopieren der Sedimentgesteine (Geol. Institut)
- Mikroskopieren von Erzmineralen, Auflicht-Mikroskopie (Th. Driesner, IGP)
- Mikroskopieren von Mikrostrukturen (Geol. Institut)
651-4047-00LMicroscopy of Magmatic RocksW+2 KP2GP. Ulmer
KurzbeschreibungDieser Kurs vermittelt Basiskenntnisse in Mikroskopie magmatischer Gesteine. Neben der Identifikation magmatischer Mineralien in Dünnschliffen, werden auch Mineralparagenesen, Gefüge und Texturen betrachtet und die mikroskopischen Befunde anhand von Phasendiagrammen in einen grösseren Rahmen (Genese, Differentiation) gestellt.
LernzielDas Ziel dieses Praktikums ist Fertigkeiten in folgenden Bereichen zu erlangen respektive zu vertiefen:
(1) Optische Bestimmung von Mineralien in magmatischen Gesteinen mit Hilfe des Polarisationsmikroskops;
(2) Identifikation magmatischer Gesteine basierend auf Mineralogie, Struktur und Textur;
(3) Interpretation von Strukturen und Texturen und Aussage über magmatische Prozesse;
(4) Anwendung magmatischer Phasendiagramme auf natürliche Gesteine.
InhaltDieses Praktikum baut auf dem Kurs 'Microscopy of metamorphic rocks' (P. Nievergelt) auf, der unmittelbar vor diesem Kurs durchgeführt wird und wo die Grundlagen der optischen Mineralogie und die Benutzung eines Polarisationsmikroskops erlernt werden.
In diesem Praktikum werden die wichtigsten magmatischen Mineralien und Gesteine in Gesteinsdünnschliffen vermittelt. Mineralparagenesen, Gefüge, Texturen und Kristallisationsabfolgen werden bestimmt und dazu verwendet die Genese, Differentiation und Platznahme magmatischer Gesteine zu verstehen. Dazu werden auch die Kenntnisse in Phasendiagrammen aus anderen Vorlesungen (z. Bsp. Magmatismus und Vulkane) vertieft und auf natürliche Gesteine angewandt um qualitative Aussagen über Stammmagmen und Kristallisationsbedingungen abzuleiten.
Das Spektrum der untersuchten Gesteine umfasst Mantelgesteinen, tholeiitische, kalk-alkalische und alkalische Plutonite und Vulkanite, die die wichtigsten magmatischen Mineralien enthalten.
SkriptBasis der optischen Untersuchung (magmatischer) Mineralien mit Hilfe des Polarisationsmikroskops bildet das Tabellenwerk von Tröger (Optische Bestimmung der gesteinsbildenden Minerale, 1982), das in ausreichender Anzahl im Praktikumsraum zur Verfügung steht.
Es werden zudem einige wenige zusätzliche Blätter als Kursunterlagen abgegeben.
Als zusätzliche Arbeitsunterlage für das Praktikum empfehle ich das Vorlesungsskript von H.-G- Stosch (Universität Karlsruhe), das auf Wunsch in gedruckter Form abgegen werden kann.
LiteraturEs gibt verschiedene Lehrbücher, auch in deutscher Sprache, zum Thema Gesteinsmikroskopie, das am besten geeignete Lehrbuch für
'Hard-rockers' ist leider vergriffen und kann allenfalls noch antiquarische erworben werden:
Pichler und Schmitt-Riegraf: Gesteinsbildende Minerale im Dünnschliff, Enke Verlag, Stuttgart, 1993).
Voraussetzungen / BesonderesDieser Kurs beinhaltet keine optische Mineralogie und/oder Einführung in die Benutzung eines Polarisationsmikroskops und basiert deshalb auf dem vorangehenden Kurs 'Microscopy of metamorphic rocks', P. Nievergelt), wo die Grundlagen der optischen Mineralogie und die Benutzung des Polarisationsmikroskops vermittelt werden. Andernfalls, z. Bsp. für externe Studenten, sind äquivalente Kenntnisse notwendig.

Weitere Mikroskopie-Kurse an der ETH am D-ERDW sind:

Mikroskopie metamopher Gesteine (P. Nievergelt, Voraussetzung für diesen Kurs)
Mikroskopie der Sedimentgesteine (W. Winkler & Blaesi)
Reflektionsmikroskopie und Lagerstätten-Praktikum (T. Driesner)
Mikrostrukturen (Deformationsgefüge, B. Cordonnier & M.E.S. Violay)
651-4051-00LReflected Light Microscopy and Ore Deposits PracticalW+2 KP2PT. Driesner
KurzbeschreibungIntroduction to reflected light microscopy. Use of the microscope. Identification of opaque minerals through the use of determination tables. Description of textures and paragenetic sequences.
Participants should attend in parallel with Ore Deposits I (651-4037-00L).
LernzielRecognition of the most important ore minerals in polished section, interpretation of mineral textures in geologcal context
InhaltIntroduction to reflected light microscopy as a petrographic technique. Leaning main diagnstic criteria. Study of small selection of important and characteristic minerals. Interpreting polished (thin) sections as exercise
SkriptTo be handed out in class
Voraussetzungen / BesonderesCredits and mark based on independent description of selected sample(s) towards the end of the course
651-4113-00LSedimentary Petrography and MicroscopyW+2 KP2GV. Picotti, M. G. Fellin
KurzbeschreibungMikroskopische Untersuchung und Beschreibung von Karbonat (1. Semesterhälfte) und siliziklastischen Gesteinen (2. Hälfte), sowie kieseligen, phosphatischen und evaporitischen Sedimenten.
LernzielBeschreibung von Inhalt (Körner, Zement/Matrix), Gefüge, Klassifikation der wichtigen Sedimentgesteine im Dünnschliff. Diskussion und Interpretation des Sedimtationsmilieus. Diagenetische Prozesse.
InhaltMikroskopie von Karbonat- und siliziklastischen Gesteinen, kieseligen Gesteinen und Phosphatgesteinen, ihren Ursprung und die Klassifikation. Diagenetische Prozesse.
SkriptWird zur Verfügung gestellt.
LiteraturTucker, M. E. (1985): Einführung in die Sedimentpetrologie. Ferdinand Enke Verlag, Stuttgart. 265 p.
Voraussetzungen / BesonderesDer vorhergehende Besuch von anderen MSc Mikroskopiekursen (magmatische oder metamorphe Gesteine) ist keine Voraussetzung, wenn im Bachelorprogramm bereits ein Kurs in Mikroskopie der Gesteine absolviert wurde.
Teil B: Methoden
NummerTitelTypECTSUmfangDozierende
651-4055-00LAnalytical Methods in Petrology and GeologyW+3 KP2GE. Reusser, S. Bernasconi, M. Guillong, L. Zehnder
KurzbeschreibungPractical work in analytical chemistry for Earth science students.
LernzielKnowledge of some analytical methods used in Earth sciences.
InhaltIntroduction to analytical chemistry and atom physics.
X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray fluorescence analysis (XRF), Electron Probe Microanalysis (EPMA), Laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy (LA-ICP-MS), Mass spectroscopy for light isotopes.
SkriptShort handouts for each analytical method.
651-4117-00LSediment AnalysisW+3 KP2GM. G. Fellin, A. Gilli, V. Picotti
KurzbeschreibungTheoretische Grundlagen und Anwendungen von einfachen Methoden der Sedimentuntersuchung.
LernzielDas Ziel ist die korrekte Anwendung der Korngrösse- und Gefüge-Analyse an Sedimenten, um die sedimentären Prozesse und Ablagerungsräume zu bestimmen.
651-4031-00LGeographic Information SystemsW+3 KP4GA. Baltensweiler, M. Hägeli-Golay
KurzbeschreibungIntroduction to the architecture and data processing capabilities of geographic information systems (GIS). Practical application of spatial data modeling and geoprocessing functions to a selected project from the earth sciences.
LernzielKnowledge of the basic architecture and spatial data handling capabilities of geographic information systems.
InhaltTheoretical introduction to the architecture, modules, spatial data types and spatial data handling functions of geographic information systems (GIS). Application of data modeling principles and geoprocessing capabilities using ArcGIS: Data design and modeling, data acquisition, data integration, spatial analysis of vector and raster data, particular functions for digital terrain modeling and hydrology, map generation and 3D-visualization.
SkriptIntroduction to Geographic Information Systems, Tutorial: Introduction to ArcGIS Desktop
LiteraturLongley, P. A., M. F. Goodchild, D. J. Maguire, and D. W. Rhind (2015): Geographic Information Systems and Science. Fourth Edition. John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, England.

DeMers, M. N. (2009): Fundamentals of Geographic Information Systems. John Wiley & Sons, Hoboken, N.J., USA.
651-4063-00LX-ray Powder Diffraction Belegung eingeschränkt - Details anzeigen
Maximale Teilnehmerzahl: 36
W+3 KP2GM. Plötze
KurzbeschreibungIn the course the students learn to measure X-ray diffraction patterns of minerals and to evaluate these using different software for qualitative and quantitative mineral composition as well as crystallographic parameters.
LernzielUpon successful completion of this course students are able to:
- describe the principle of X-ray diffraction analysis
- carry out a qualitative and quantitative mineralogical analysis independently,
- critically assess the data,
- communicate the results in a scientific report.
InhaltFundamental principles of X-ray diffraction
Setup and operation of X-ray diffractometers
Interpretation of powder diffraction data
Qualitative and quantitative phase analysis of crystalline powders (e.g. with Rietveld analysis)
SkriptSelected handouts will be made available in the lecture
LiteraturALLMANN, R.: Röntgen-Pulverdiffraktometrie : Rechnergestützte Auswertung, Phasenanalyse und Strukturbestimmung Berlin : Springer, 2003.
DINNEBIER, R.E. et al.: Powder Diffraction. Royal Society of Chemistry, Cambridge, 2008. (Link)
PECHARSKY, V.K. and ZAVALIJ, P.Y: Fundamentals of Powder Diffraction and Structural Characterization of Materials. Springer, 2009.
(Link)
Voraussetzungen / BesonderesThe course includes a high portion of practical exercises in sample preparation as well as measurement and evaluation of X-ray powder diffraction data.
Own sample will be analysed qualitatively and quantitatively. Knowledge in mineralogy of this system is essential.
The lecture course is limited to 12 participants.
Wahlpflichtmodule Geology
Innerhalb der Majors Geology sind mindestens zwei Wahlpflichtmodule zu absolvieren.
Palaeoclimatology
Palaeoclimatology: Obligatorische Fächer
NummerTitelTypECTSUmfangDozierende
651-4057-00LClimate History and PalaeoclimatologyW+3 KP2GH. Stoll, B. Ausin Gonzalez, A. Fernandez Bremer
KurzbeschreibungClimate history and paleoclimatology explores how the major features of the earth's climate system have varied in the past, and the driving forces and feedbacks for these changes. The major topics include the earth's CO2 concentration and mean temperature, the size and stability of ice sheets and sea level, the amount and distribution of precipitation, and the ocean heat transport.
LernzielThe student will be able to describe the factors that regulate the earth's mean temperature and the distribution of different climates over the earth. Students will be able to use and understand the construction of simple quantitative models of the Earth's carbon cycle and temperature in Excel, to solve problems from the long term balancing of sinks and sources of carbon, to the Anthropogenic carbon cycle changes of the Anthropocene. Students will be able to interpret evidence of past climate changes from the main climate indicators or proxies recovered in geological records. Students will be able to use data from climate proxies to test if a given hypothesized mechanism for the climate change is supported or refuted. Students will be able to compare the magnitudes and rates of past changes in the carbon cycle, ice sheets, hydrological cycle, and ocean circulation, with predictions for climate changes over the next century to millennia.
Inhalt1. Overview of elements of the climate system and earth energy balance
2. The Carbon cycle - long and short term regulation and feedbacks of atmospheric CO2. What regulates atmospheric CO2 over long tectonic timescales of millions to tens of millions of years? What are the drivers and feedbacks of transient perturbations like at the latest Palocene? What drives CO2 variations over glacial cycles and what drives it in the Anthropocene?
3. Ice sheets and sea level - What do expansionist glaciers want? What is the natural range of variation in the earth's ice sheets and the consequent effect on sea level? How do cyclic variations in the earth's orbit affect the size of ice sheets under modern climate and under past warmer climates? What conditions the mean size and stability or fragility of the large polar ice caps and is their evidence that they have dynamic behavior? What rates and magnitudes of sea level change have accompanied past ice sheet variations? When is the most recent time of sea level higher than modern, and by how much? What lessons do these have for the future?
4. Atmospheric circulation and variations in the earth's hydrological cycle - How variable are the earth's precipitation regimes? How large are the orbital scale variations in global monsoon systems? Will mean climate change El Nino frequency and intensity? What factors drive change in mid and high-latitude precipitation systems? Is there evidence that changes in water availability have played a role in the rise, demise, or dispersion of past civilizations?
5. The Ocean heat transport - How stable or fragile is the ocean heat conveyor, past and present? When did modern deepwater circulation develop? Will Greenland melting and shifts in precipitation bands, cause the North Atlantic Overturning Circulation to collapse? When and why has this happened before?
Palaeoclimatology: Wahlfpflichtfächer
NummerTitelTypECTSUmfangDozierende
651-4043-00LSedimentology II: Biological and Chemical Processes in Lacustrine and Marine Systems
Prerequisite: Successful completion of the MSc-course "Sedimentology I" (651-4041-00L).
W3 KP2GV. Picotti, A. Gilli
KurzbeschreibungThe course will focus on biological amd chemical aspects of sedimentation in marine environments. Marine sedimentation will be traced from coast to deep-sea. The use of stable isotopes palaeoceanography will be discussed. Neritic, hemipelagic and pelagic sediments will be used as proxies for environmental change during times of major perturbations of climate and oceanography.
Lernziel-You will understand chemistry and biology of the marine carbonate system
-You will be able to relate carbonate mineralogy with facies and environmental conditions
-You will be familiar with cool-water and warm-water carbonates
-You will see carbonate and organic-carbon rich sediments as part of the global carbon cycle
-You will be able to recognize links between climate and marine carbonate systems (e.g. acidification of oceans and reef growth)
-You will be able to use geological archives as source of information on global change
-You will have an overview of marine sedimentation through time
Inhalt-carbonates,: chemistry, mineralogy, biology
-carbonate sedimentation from the shelf to the deep sea
-carbonate facies
-cool-water and warm-water carbonates
-organic-carbon and black shales
-C-cycle, carbonates, Corg : CO2 sources and sink
-Carbonates: their geochemical proxies for environmental change: stable isotopes, Mg/Ca, Sr
-marine sediments thorugh geological time
-carbonates and evaporites
-lacustrine carbonates
-economic aspects of limestone
Skriptno script. scientific articles will be distributed during the course
LiteraturWe will read and critically discuss scientific articles relevant for "biological and chemical processes in marine and lacustrine systems"
Voraussetzungen / BesonderesThe grading of students is based on in-class exercises and end-semester examination.
Sedimentology
Sedimentology: Obligatorische Fächer
NummerTitelTypECTSUmfangDozierende
651-4041-00LSedimentology I: Physical Processes and Sedimentary SystemsW+3 KP2GV. Picotti
KurzbeschreibungSediments preserved a record of past landscapes. This courses focuses on understanding the processes that modify sedimentary landscapes with time and how we can read this changes in the sedimentary record.
LernzielThe students learn basic concepts of modern sedimentology and stratigraphy in the context of sequence stratigraphy and sea level change. They discuss the advantages and pitfalls of the method and look beyond. In particular we pay attention to introducing the importance of considering entire sediment routing systems and understanding their functionning.
InhaltDetails on the program will be handed out during the first lecture.

We will attribute the papers for presentation on the 26th, so please be here on that day!
LiteraturThe sedimentary record of sea-level change
Angela Coe, the Open University.
Cambridge University Press
Voraussetzungen / BesonderesThe grading of students is based on in-class exercises and end-semester examination.
651-4043-00LSedimentology II: Biological and Chemical Processes in Lacustrine and Marine Systems
Prerequisite: Successful completion of the MSc-course "Sedimentology I" (651-4041-00L).
W+3 KP2GV. Picotti, A. Gilli
KurzbeschreibungThe course will focus on biological amd chemical aspects of sedimentation in marine environments. Marine sedimentation will be traced from coast to deep-sea. The use of stable isotopes palaeoceanography will be discussed. Neritic, hemipelagic and pelagic sediments will be used as proxies for environmental change during times of major perturbations of climate and oceanography.
Lernziel-You will understand chemistry and biology of the marine carbonate system
-You will be able to relate carbonate mineralogy with facies and environmental conditions
-You will be familiar with cool-water and warm-water carbonates
-You will see carbonate and organic-carbon rich sediments as part of the global carbon cycle
-You will be able to recognize links between climate and marine carbonate systems (e.g. acidification of oceans and reef growth)
-You will be able to use geological archives as source of information on global change
-You will have an overview of marine sedimentation through time
Inhalt-carbonates,: chemistry, mineralogy, biology
-carbonate sedimentation from the shelf to the deep sea
-carbonate facies
-cool-water and warm-water carbonates
-organic-carbon and black shales
-C-cycle, carbonates, Corg : CO2 sources and sink
-Carbonates: their geochemical proxies for environmental change: stable isotopes, Mg/Ca, Sr
-marine sediments thorugh geological time
-carbonates and evaporites
-lacustrine carbonates
-economic aspects of limestone
Skriptno script. scientific articles will be distributed during the course
LiteraturWe will read and critically discuss scientific articles relevant for "biological and chemical processes in marine and lacustrine systems"
Voraussetzungen / BesonderesThe grading of students is based on in-class exercises and end-semester examination.
Sedimentology: Wahlpflichtfächer
NummerTitelTypECTSUmfangDozierende
651-4901-00LQuaternary Dating Methods Information W3 KP2GI. Hajdas, S. Ivy Ochs
KurzbeschreibungReconstruction of time scales is critical for all Quaternary studies in both Geology and Archeology. Various methods are applied depending on the time range of interest and the archive studied. In this lecture we focus on the six methods that are most frequently used for dating Quaternary sediments and landforms.
LernzielStudents will be made familiar with the details of the six dating methods through lectures on basic principles, analysis of case studies, solving of problem sets for age calculation and visits to dating laboratories.

At the end of the course students will:
1. understand the fundamental principles of the most frequently used dating methods for Quaternary studies.
2. be able to calculate an age based on data of the six methods studied.
3. choose which dating method (or combination of methods) is suitable for a certain field problem.
4. critically read and evaluate the application of dating methods in scientific publications.
Inhalt1. Introduction: Time scales for the Quaternary, Isotopes and decay
2. Radiocarbon dating: principles and applications
3. Cosmogenic nuclides: 3He,10Be, 14C, 21Ne, 26Cl, 36Cl
4. U-series disequilibrium dating
5. Luminescence dating
5. K/Ar and Ar/Ar dating of lava flows and ash layers
6. Cs-137 and Pb-210 (soil, sediments, ice core)
7. Summary and comparison of results from several dating methods at specific sites
Voraussetzungen / BesonderesVisit to radiocarbon lab, cosmogenic nuclide lab, noble gas lab, accelerator (AMS) facility.

Required attending the lecture, visiting laboratories, handing back solutions for problem sets (Excercises)
651-4063-00LX-ray Powder Diffraction Belegung eingeschränkt - Details anzeigen
Maximale Teilnehmerzahl: 36
W3 KP2GM. Plötze
KurzbeschreibungIn the course the students learn to measure X-ray diffraction patterns of minerals and to evaluate these using different software for qualitative and quantitative mineral composition as well as crystallographic parameters.
LernzielUpon successful completion of this course students are able to:
- describe the principle of X-ray diffraction analysis
- carry out a qualitative and quantitative mineralogical analysis independently,
- critically assess the data,
- communicate the results in a scientific report.
InhaltFundamental principles of X-ray diffraction
Setup and operation of X-ray diffractometers
Interpretation of powder diffraction data
Qualitative and quantitative phase analysis of crystalline powders (e.g. with Rietveld analysis)
SkriptSelected handouts will be made available in the lecture
LiteraturALLMANN, R.: Röntgen-Pulverdiffraktometrie : Rechnergestützte Auswertung, Phasenanalyse und Strukturbestimmung Berlin : Springer, 2003.
DINNEBIER, R.E. et al.: Powder Diffraction. Royal Society of Chemistry, Cambridge, 2008. (Link)
PECHARSKY, V.K. and ZAVALIJ, P.Y: Fundamentals of Powder Diffraction and Structural Characterization of Materials. Springer, 2009.
(Link)
Voraussetzungen / BesonderesThe course includes a high portion of practical exercises in sample preparation as well as measurement and evaluation of X-ray powder diffraction data.
Own sample will be analysed qualitatively and quantitatively. Knowledge in mineralogy of this system is essential.
The lecture course is limited to 12 participants.
Structural Geology
Structural Geology: Obligatorische Fächer
NummerTitelTypECTSUmfangDozierende
651-4132-00LField Course IV: Non Alpine Field Course Belegung eingeschränkt - Details anzeigen
Findet dieses Semester nicht statt.
Maximale Teilnehmerzahl: 24
W+3 KP6PJ.‑P. Burg
Kurzbeschreibung
Lernziel
Structural Geology: Wahlpflichtfächer
NummerTitelTypECTSUmfangDozierende
651-4003-00LNumerical Modelling of Rock DeformationW4 KP2GM. Frehner
KurzbeschreibungIntroduction to the programming software Matlab.
Learning and understanding the continuum mechanics equations describing rock deformation.
Mathematical equations describing rock rheology: elasticity + viscosity.
Introduction to the finite-element method for modeling rock deformation in 2D.
A small applied project-work at the end of the semester will be tailored to the student's interest.
LernzielAt the end of this course, the students should be able to
- Use Matlab for their future needs (e.g., for their MSc Thesis)
- Understand the fundamental concept of the finite-element method
- Apply the finite-element method to successfully work on a small project tailored to the student's interests.

In addition, innovative methods will be applied to mark the performance in the course, which includes self-evaluation and peer-evaluation among the students. Therefore, some soft-skills will be required and trained as well, such as
- honest self-evaluation and self-grading
- providing honest feedback to a colleague in a tone that is acceptable
- receiving feedback from a colleague without taking criticism personal
- learning the procedure of scientific peer-evaluation
InhaltIntroduction to Matlab
Continuum mechanics equations necessary to describe rock deformation
Rheological equations: elasticity + viscous materials
Introduction to the finite-element method (in 1D)
Numerical integration + isoparametric elements
Going to 2D finite elements
Finite-element method for 2D elasticity
Stress calculation + visualization
Finite-element method for 2D viscous materials
Heterogeneous media
Final project-based work tailored to the student's interest.

A substantial part of the lecture will take place in the computer-lab, where numerical finite element codes will be applied. The used software is Matlab. Students may bring their own laptop with a pre-installed copy of Matlab.
SkriptThe script is very diverse and ranges from PowerPoint-based pdf-files, to self-study tutorials. Also, the more theoretical and mathematical aspects will be explained on the black board without a proper script.

All lecture-presentations, as well as the numerical codes, will be made available to the students online.
LiteraturThere is no mandatory literature. The following literature is recomended:

Turcotte D.L. and Schubert G., 2002: Geodynamics, Cambridge University Press, ISBN 0-521-66624-4

Pollard D.D. and Fletcher R.C., 2005: Fundamentals of Structural Geology, Cambridge University Press, ISBN 978-0-521-83927-0

Ranalli G., 1995: Rheology of the Earth, Chapman & Hall, ISBN 0-412-54670-1

Smith I.M. and Griffiths D.V., 2004: Programming the Finite Element Method, John Wiley & Sons Ltd, ISBN 978-0-470-849-70-5

Zienkiewicz O.C. and Taylor R.L., 2000: The Finite Element Method - Volume 1: The Basis, Butterworth Heinemann, ISBN 0-7506-5049-4
Voraussetzungen / BesonderesA good knowledge of linear algebra is expected.

The used software is Matlab. So, knowledge of Matlab is advantageous. Students may bring their own laptop with a pre-installed copy of Matlab.
651-4111-00LRock Physics Information W3 KP2GA. S. Zappone, L. Grafulha Morales, K. Kunze, C. Madonna
KurzbeschreibungRock Physics provides the understanding to connect geomechanical and geophysical data to the intrinsic properties of rocks, such as mineral composition and texture. Rock Physics is a key component in geo-resources exploration and exploitation, and in geo-hazard assessment.
LernzielThe objective of this course is to introduce Rock Physics as a laboratory and interpretive tool.
InhaltThe course will introduce and combine principles from geophysics, structural geology, crystallography, applied mathematics, and other disciplines. The intrinsic properties of rocks, such as mineralogy, porosity, pore fluids, crystallographic orientation, microstructures and textures, will be connected to physical parameters controlling the permeability, the thermal and elastic properties of rocks, both at the scale of the single specimen and at the scale of geological formations. The nature and origin of anisotropy of physical properties will be discussed. Real data examples will be used to present a variety of case studies and applications. Lectures will alternate with laboratory demonstrations.
Voraussetzungen / BesonderesUndergraduate courses in the following subjects are highly recommended in order to get the most out of this specialist course:

- Basic structural Geology
- Geophysics
- Mineralogy/Crystallography
651-3521-00LTektonikW3 KP2VJ.‑P. Burg, E. Kissling
KurzbeschreibungUmfassendes Verständnis der Entwicklung, Mechanik und Rheologie von tektonischen Systeme (divergente, konvergente und Blattverschiebungs-Systeme) im Massstab Lithosphäre, Kruste und im Aufschluss. Studium der plattentektonischen und anderen Orogenese-Prozesse anhand von Vergleichsbeispielen aus dem Alpen-Himalaya Orogen-System.
LernzielUmfassendes Verständnis der Entwicklung, Mechanik und Rheologie von tektonischen Systeme (divergente, konvergente und Blattverschiebungs-Systeme) im Massstab Lithosphäre, Kruste und im Aufschluss.
Abschätzung der Mechanismen und Kräfte, welche für Plattenbewegungen im allgemeinen und für spezielle großräumige Strukturen (ozeanische Becken und Zyklus der ozeanischen Lithoshpäre, Gebirgssysteme und kontinentales Wachstum, usw.) verantwortlich sind, basierend auf theoretischen und experimentellen Informationen.
Studium der plattentektonischen und anderen Orogenese-Prozesse anhand von Vergleichsbeispielen aus dem Alpen-Himalaya Orogen-System.
InhaltPlattentektoniksysteme: System Mantel-Lithosphärenplatten, drei Arten von Plattengrenzen, ihre Rollen und Charakteristika, Zyklus der ozeanischen Lithosphäre, Kratone, Wachstum der Kontinente und Bildung der Superkontinente. Rheologie der geschichteten Lithosphäre und des oberen Mantels.
Obduktionssysteme
Kollisionssysteme
Extensionssysteme
Entwicklung der Becken
Passive and aktive Kontinentalränder
SkriptAusführliches Skriptum in digitaler Form und weitere Lernmodule (Link) auf dem intranet vorhanden.
LiteraturCondie, K. C. 1997. Plate tectonics and crustal evolution. Butterworth-Heinemann, Oxford.
Cox, A. & Hart, R. B. 1986. Plate tectonics. How it works. Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford.
Dewey, J. F. 1977. Suture zone complexities: A review. Tectonophysics 40, 53-67.
Dewey, J. F., Pitman III, W. C., Ryan, W. B. F. & Bonin, J. 1973. Plate tectonics and the evolution of the Alpine system. Geological Society of America Bulletin 84, 3137-3180.
Kearey, P. & Vine, F. J. 1990. Global tectonics. Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford.
Park, R. G. 1993. Geological structures and moving plates. Chapman & Hall, Glasgow.
Turcotte, D. L. & Schubert, G. 2002. Geodynamics. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
Windley, B. F. 1995. The evolving continents. John Wiley & Sons Ltd, Chichester.
Biogeochemistry
Biogeochemistry: Obligatorische Fächer
Die obligatorischen Fächer dieses Moduls finden im FS statt.
Biogeochemistry: Wahlpflichtfächer
NummerTitelTypECTSUmfangDozierende
651-4058-00LBasics of Palaeobotany (University of Zurich)
Der Kurs muss direkt an der UZH belegt werden.
UZH Modulkürzel: BIO280

Beachten Sie die Einschreibungstermine an der UZH: Link
W3 KP2GUni-Dozierende
KurzbeschreibungThe course "Basics in Palaeobotany" gives an overview on the evolution and palaeobiology of plants and their relevance for the reconstruction of past environments.
LernzielOn successful completion of the module, the students should be able to explain how plants are preserved in the fossil record, to describe the morphology of plant mega fossils, and of spores and pollen. They can describe how plant fossils can be used for reconstructing palaeoenvironments. Students should be able to explain the interactions between evolution of plants, climate and physical environment and they will be able to integrate the dimension of geological time into their understanding of biological events.
Inhalt-Preservation of plants in the fossil record.
-First evidence for plants on Earth
-The conquest of the continents by plants
-Major adaptation and innovations leading to the present plant diversity
-The evolution and morphology of the major plant groups
-Plant associations through geological time and their palaeogeographic and stratigraphic relevance
-Mass extinctions and the fossil plant record
-Interaction between past vegetation and climate
-The relevance of plant microfossils for reconstruction of palaeoclimate and palaeoecology
651-4043-00LSedimentology II: Biological and Chemical Processes in Lacustrine and Marine Systems
Prerequisite: Successful completion of the MSc-course "Sedimentology I" (651-4041-00L).
W3 KP2GV. Picotti, A. Gilli
KurzbeschreibungThe course will focus on biological amd chemical aspects of sedimentation in marine environments. Marine sedimentation will be traced from coast to deep-sea. The use of stable isotopes palaeoceanography will be discussed. Neritic, hemipelagic and pelagic sediments will be used as proxies for environmental change during times of major perturbations of climate and oceanography.
Lernziel-You will understand chemistry and biology of the marine carbonate system
-You will be able to relate carbonate mineralogy with facies and environmental conditions
-You will be familiar with cool-water and warm-water carbonates
-You will see carbonate and organic-carbon rich sediments as part of the global carbon cycle
-You will be able to recognize links between climate and marine carbonate systems (e.g. acidification of oceans and reef growth)
-You will be able to use geological archives as source of information on global change
-You will have an overview of marine sedimentation through time
Inhalt-carbonates,: chemistry, mineralogy, biology
-carbonate sedimentation from the shelf to the deep sea
-carbonate facies
-cool-water and warm-water carbonates
-organic-carbon and black shales
-C-cycle, carbonates, Corg : CO2 sources and sink
-Carbonates: their geochemical proxies for environmental change: stable isotopes, Mg/Ca, Sr
-marine sediments thorugh geological time
-carbonates and evaporites
-lacustrine carbonates
-economic aspects of limestone
Skriptno script. scientific articles will be distributed during the course
LiteraturWe will read and critically discuss scientific articles relevant for "biological and chemical processes in marine and lacustrine systems"
Voraussetzungen / BesonderesThe grading of students is based on in-class exercises and end-semester examination.
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