Search result: Catalogue data in Spring Semester 2021

Mechanical Engineering Bachelor Information
2. Semester
First Year Examinations: Compulsory Courses
NumberTitleTypeECTSHoursLecturers
401-0262-G0LAnalysis II Restricted registration - show details O8 credits5V + 3UA. Cannas da Silva, U. Lang
AbstractDifferential and integral calculus for functions of one and several variables; vector analysis; ordinary differential equations of first and of higher order, systems of ordinary differential equations; power series.
For each of these topics many examples from mechanics, physics and other areas.
ObjectiveIntroduction to the mathematical foundations of engineering sciences, as far as concerning differential and integral calculus.
ContentDifferential- und Integralrechnung von Funktionen einer und mehrerer Variablen; Vektoranalysis; gewöhnliche Differentialgleichungen erster und höherer Ordnung, Differentialgleichungssysteme; Potenzreihen. In jedem Teilbereich eine grosse Anzahl von Anwendungsbeispielen aus Mechanik, Physik und anderen Lehrgebieten des Ingenieurstudiums.
Lecture notesU. Stammbach: Analysis I/II
Prerequisites / NoticeThe exercises and online quizzes are an integral part of this course.
401-0172-00LLinear Algebra II Information Restricted registration - show details O3 credits2V + 1UN. Hungerbühler
AbstractThis course is the continuation of the course Linear algebra I. Linear algebra is an indispensable tool of engineering mathematics. The course offers an introduction into the theory with many applications. The new notions are practised in the accompanying exercise classes.
ObjectiveUpon completion of this course, students will be able to recognize linear structures, and to solve corresponding problems in theory and in practice.
ContentLinear maps, kernel and image, coordinates and matrices, coordinate transformations, norm of a matrix, orthogonal matrices, eigenvalues and eigenvectors, algebraic and geometric multiplicity, eigenbasis, diagonalizable matrices, symmetric matrices, orthonormal basis, condition number, linear differential equations, Jordan decomposition, singular value decomposition, examples in MATLAB, applications.
Literature* K. Nipp / D. Stoffer, Lineare Algebra, vdf Hochschulverlag, 5. Auflage 2002
* K. Meyberg / P. Vachenauer, Höhere Mathematik 2, Springer 2003
151-0502-00LMechanics 2: Deformable Solids and Structures
Prerequisite: 151-0501-00L Mechanics 1: Kinematics and Statics

This course is only for students of Mechanical Engineering, Civil Engineering and Human Movement Sciences.

Students in Human Movement Sciences and Sport must enrol in "Mechanics 1" and "Mechanics 2" as a two-semester course.
O6 credits4V + 2UD. Mohr
AbstractStress tensor, deformations, linear elastic solids, bending of prismatic beams, numerical methods, bending, torsion, plastic work and deformation energy, energy methods, buckling.
ObjectiveFor the mechanical design of systems, knowledge about basic concepts of continuum mechanics are indispensable. These include mechanical stress, deformations, etc. which are demonstrated on simple examples resulting in an understanding which is both mathematically correct and intuitive. In this course students learn the basic concepts of the mechanics of deformable media that they will later apply in other courses such as Dimensioning which are closer to real engineering applications.
ContentSpannungstensor, Verzerrungen, linearelastische Körper, spezielle Biegung prismatischer Balken, numerische Methoden, allgemeinere Biegeprobleme, Torsion, Arbeit und Deformationsenergie, Energiesätze und -verfahren, Knickung.
LiteratureMahir B. Sayir, Jürg Dual, Stephan Kaufmann
Ingenieurmechanik 2: Deformierbare Körper, Teubner Verlag
151-0712-00LEngineering Materials and Production IIO4 credits3V + 1UK. Wegener
AbstractKnowledge about the properties and application area of metals. Understanding the fundamentals of high polymers and ceramics for engineers that can be confronted with material decisions in construction and production.
ObjectiveKnowledge about the properties and application area of metals. Understanding the fundamentals of high polymers and ceramics for engineers that can be confronted with material decisions in construction and production.
ContentThe lecture contains two parts:
For metallic materials fatigue and heat treatment will be discussed. Physical properties such as thermal, electric and magnetic properties will be examined. Important iron- and non-iron- alloys will be introduced and their cases of applications will be discussed.
In the second part of the lecture the structure and the properties of the high polymers and ceramics will be discussed. Important subareas are the crystalline and non-crystalline materials and the porous solid bodies, the thermal- mechanical engineering material behaviour, as well as the probabilistic fracture mechanics. Beside the mechanic- the physical-properties will be also discussed. Engineering material related fundamentals of the productions engineering will be discussed.
Lecture notesyes
Prerequisites / NoticePrerequisite: Lecture “"Engineering Materials and Production I"”

Examination: Session examination; Written examination in Engineering Materials and Production I. and II.; Allowed resources: Scripts Engineering Materials and Production I and II, pocket calculator, No laptop nor mobile phone; Duration: 2 Hours.
Repetition only in the examination session after FS
151-0302-00LInnovation ProcessO2 credits1V + 1UM. Meboldt, Q. Lohmeyer
AbstractThe lecture focuses on the basics of agile product development, in which development processes are structured in the form of several short sprints. The lecture deepens the relevant technical and methodological knowledge for the implementation of the characteristic core activities: Design, Build, Test.
ObjectiveStudents understand the concept of agile product development and know the most important elements for planning and executing a sprint. They know individual methods for finding and selecting solutions and can apply basic methods for risk and cost analysis. Students are also able to calculate drives and mechanisms for different operating conditions.
Content- Agile product development
- Creativity and selection methods
- Mechanical mechanisms
- Electric motors
- Design principles
- Risk and cost analysis
- Prototyping and testing
- Market and innovation
Lecture notesLecture slides are distributed via Ilias.
Prerequisites / NoticeFor Bachelor studies in Mechanical and Process Engineering the lecture "Maschinenelemente" (HS) is examined together with "Innovationsprozess" (FS).
252-0832-00LComputer Science Information O4 credits2V + 2UR. Sasse, M. Schwerhoff
AbstractThe course covers the fundamental concepts of computer programming with a focus on systematic algorithmic problem solving. Taught language is C++. No programming experience is required.
ObjectivePrimary educational objective is to learn programming with C++. When successfully attended the course, students have a good command of the mechanisms to construct a program. They know the fundamental control and data structures and understand how an algorithmic problem is mapped to a computer program. They have an idea of what happens "behind the scenes" when a program is translated and executed.
Secondary goals are an algorithmic computational thinking, understanding the possibilities and limits of programming and to impart the way of thinking of a computer scientist.
ContentThe course covers fundamental data types, expressions and statements, (Limits of) computer arithmetic, control statements, functions, arrays, structural types and pointers. The part on object orientation deals with classes, inheritance and polymorphy, simple dynamic data types are introduced as examples.
In general, the concepts provided in the course are motivated and illustrated with algorithms and applications.
Lecture notesA script written in English will be provided during the semester. The script and slides will be made available for download on the course web page.
LiteratureBjarne Stroustrup: Einführung in die Programmierung mit C++, Pearson Studium, 2010
Stephen Prata, C++ Primer Plus, Sixth Edition, Addison Wesley, 2012
Andrew Koenig and Barbara E. Moo: Accelerated C++, Addison-Wesley, 2000.
Additional First Year Courses
NumberTitleTypeECTSHoursLecturers
151-0300-00LInnovation Project Restricted registration - show details O2 credits2UM. Meboldt
AbstractThe students are going through a product development process starting with the first idea to the functional product. The participants will learn to work on a complex development task in a team (4-5 pers.), to structure a given problem, to generate and evaluate ideas as well as the design and realization of the product with subsequent verification.
ObjectiveThe students learn and experience the principles of product development. In addition to acquiring development methodical responsibilities, the main focus is on working together as a team. The participants are taught how to structure a complex development objective and how to achieve this objective in team work. In the end, the students will master the basics of development processes and development methodical tools.
Prerequisites / NoticeSuccessfull completion of the project is mandatory for lecture certificate.
Engineering Tools
The Engineering Tools courses are for MAVT Bachelor’s degree students only.
NumberTitleTypeECTSHoursLecturers
252-0861-00LEngineering Tool: Introduction to C++ Programming Information Restricted registration - show details
The Engineering Tool-courses are for MAVT Bachelor’s degree students only.
O0.4 credits1KR. Sasse
AbstractThe event provides an introduction to programming in C++ by means of an interactive tutorial.
ObjectiveBuild up an understanding of basic concepts of imperative programming. Reading and writing of first simple programs.
ContentIn this course we will gently introduce you to the basics of computer programming. To program a computer means to give it a sequence of commands (a computer program) so that it exactly does what you want it to do.
Prerequisites / NoticeBelegung der Lerneinheit nur möglich, wenn das Programmierprojekt bearbeitet und abgegeben wird. Wird im Falle einer Belegung das Programmierprojekt nicht abgegeben, so wird die Lerneinheit als nicht bestanden bewertet («Abbruch»).
4. Semester
Compulsory Courses
Examination Block 2
NumberTitleTypeECTSHoursLecturers
402-0034-10LPhysics IIO4 credits2V + 2UW. Wegscheider
AbstractThis is a two-semester course introducing students into the foundations of Modern Physics. Topics include electricity and magnetism, light, waves, quantum physics, solid state physics, and semiconductors. Selected topics with important applications in industry will also be considered.
ObjectiveThe lecture is intended to promote critical, scientific thinking. Key concepts of Physics will be acquired, with a focus on technically relevant applications. At the end of the two semesters, students will have a good overview over the topics of classical and modern Physics.
ContentIntroduction into Quantum Physics, Absorption and Emission of Electromagnetic Radiation, Basics of Solid State Physics, Semiconductors
Lecture notesLecture notes will be available in German.
LiteraturePaul A. Tipler, Gene Mosca, Michael Basler und Renate Dohmen
Physik: für Wissenschaftler und Ingenieure
Spektrum Akademischer Verlag, 2009, 1636 Seiten, ca. 80 Euro.

Paul A. Tipler, Ralph A. Llewellyn
Moderne Physik
Oldenbourg Wissenschaftsverlag, 2009, 982 Seiten, ca. 75 Euro.
Prerequisites / NoticeNo testat requirements for this lecture.
227-0075-00LElectrical Engineering IO3 credits2V + 2UJ. Leuthold
AbstractBasic course in electrical engineering with the following topics: Concepts of voltage and currents; Analyses of dc and ac networks; Series and parallel resistive circuits, circuits including capacitors and inductors; Kirchhoff's laws and other network theorems; Transient responses; Basics of electrical and magnetic fields;
ObjectiveUnderstanding of the basic concepts in electrical engineering with focus on network theory. The successful student knows the basic components of electrical circuits and the network theorems after attending the course.
ContentDiese Vorlesung vermittelt Grundlagenkenntnisse im Fachgebiet Elektrotechnik. Ausgehend von den grundlegenden Konzepten der Spannung und des Stroms wird die Analyse von Netzwerken bei Gleich- und Wechselstrom behandelt. Dabie werden folgende Themen behandelt:
Kapitel 1 Das elektrostatische Feld
Kapitel 2 Das stationäre elektrische Strömungsfeld
Kapitel 3 Einfache elektrische Netzwerke
Kapitel 4 Halbleiterbauelemente (Dioden, der Transistor)
Kapitel 5 Das stationäre Magnetfeld
Kapitel 6 Das zeitlich veränderliche elektromagnetische Feld
Kapitel 7 Der Übergang zu den zeitabhängigen Strom- und Spannungsformen
Kapitel 8 Wechselspannung und Wechselstrom
Lecture notesDie Vorlesungsfolien werden auf Moodle bereitgestellt.
Als ausführliches Skript wird das Buch "Manfred Albach. Elektrotechnik, Person Verlag, Ausgabe vom 1.8.2011" empfohlen.
LiteratureFür das weitergehende Studium werden in der Vorlesung verschiedene Bücher vorgestellt.
151-0102-00LFluid Dynamics I Restricted registration - show details O6 credits4V + 2UT. Rösgen
AbstractAn introduction to the physical and mathematical foundations of fluid dynamics is given.
Topics include dimensional analysis, integral and differential conservation laws, inviscid and viscous flows, Navier-Stokes equations, boundary layers, turbulent pipe flow. Elementary solutions and examples are presented.
ObjectiveAn introduction to the physical and mathematical principles of fluid dynamics. Fundamental terminology/principles and their application to simple problems.
ContentPhenomena, applications, foundations
dimensional analysis and similitude; kinematic description; conservation laws (mass, momentum, energy), integral and differential formulation; inviscid flows: Euler equations, stream filament theory, Bernoulli equation; viscous flows: Navier-Stokes equations; boundary layers; turbulence
Lecture notesLecture notes (extended formulary) for the course are made available electronically.
LiteratureRecommended book: Fluid Mechanics, Kundu & Cohen & Dowling, 6th ed., Academic Press / Elsevier (2015).
Prerequisites / NoticeVoraussetzungen: Physik, Analysis
151-0052-00LThermodynamics IIO4 credits2V + 2UN. Noiray, D. Poulikakos
AbstractIntroduction to thermodynamics of reactive systems and to the fundamentals of heat transfer.
ObjectiveIntroduction to the theory and to the fundamentals of the technical thermodynamics. Main focus: Chemical thermodynamics and heat transfer
Content1st and 2nd law of thermodynamics for chemically reactive systems, chemical exergy, fuel cells and kinetic gas theory.
General mechanisms of heat transfer. Introduction to heat conductivity. Stationary 1-D and 2-D heat conduction. Instationary conduction. Convection. Forced convection - flow around and through bodies. Natural convection. Evaporation (boiling) and condensation. Heat radiation. Combined heat transfer.
Lecture notesSlides and lecture notes in German.
LiteratureF.P. Incropera, D.P. DeWitt, T.L. Bergman, and A.S. Lavine, Fundamentals of Heat and Mass Transfer, John Wiley & Sons, 6th edition, 2006.

M.J. Moran, H.N. Shapiro, Fundamentals of Engineering Thermodynamics, John Wiley & Sons, 2007.
Electives
NumberTitleTypeECTSHoursLecturers
151-0304-00LEngineering Design IIW4 credits4GK. Wegener
AbstractDimensioning (strength calculation) of machine parts,
shaft - hub - connections, welded and brazed joints, springs, screws, roller and slide bearings, transmissions, gears, clutch and brake as well as their practical applications.
ObjectiveThe students extend in that course their knowledge on the correct application of machine parts and machine elements including dimensioning. Focus is laid on the acquisition of competency to solve technical problems and judge technical solutions and to correctly apply their knowledge according to operation conditions, functionality and strength calculations.
ContentMachine parts as shaft - hub - connections, welded and brazed joints, springs, screws, roller and slide bearings, transmissions, gears, clutch and brake are discussed. The course covers for all the machine elements their functionality, their application and limits of applicability and the dimensioning is as well as their practical applications. Exercises show the solution of practical problems. Partly practical problems are solved by the students for their own.
Lecture notesScript exists. Price: SFr. 40.-
Prerequisites / NoticePrerequisites:
Basics in design and product development
Dimensioning 1

Credit-conditions / examination:
Partly practical problems are solved by the students for their own. The examination will be in the following examination session. Credits are given after passing the examination.
151-0431-00LModels, Algorithms and Data: Introduction to Computing Information W4 credits2V + 1UJ. H. Walther, G. Arampatzis
AbstractFundamental Computational Methods for data analysis, modeling and simulation relevant to Engineering applications. The course emphasizes the implementation of these methods in Python with application examples drawn from Engineering applications
ObjectiveThe course aims to introduce Engineering students to fundamentals of Interpolation, Solution of non-linear equations, Filtering and Numerical Integration as well as the use of novel methods such as Machine Learning and Bayesian Uncertainty Quantification. The course aims to integrate numerical methods with enhancing the students' programming skills.
Lecture notesLink
Lecture Notes
Literature1. Introduction to Applied Mathematics, G. Strang
2. Analysis of Numerical Methods, Isaacson and Keller
Prerequisites / NoticeA course on the interface of classical (first principle) and Data driven models in computing. Fundamental algorithms for inference, approximation and optimisation. Bridging the gap of Computational and Data sciences.
151-0590-00LControl Systems II Information W4 credits2V + 2UL. Guzzella
AbstractFor SISO systems: Controller design (PID, cascades, predictors, numerical methods), compensation of nonlinearities, controller realization. For MIMO systems: Design of state feedback controllers, state observers and observer-based controllers in time domain, in particular LQR and LQG approaches. Robustness analysis and approaches for robustness recovery. Controller design in frequency domain.
ObjectivePart I: The students are able to design and implement effective SISO controllers and to compensate the most important nonlinearities.
Part II: The students understand the differences between SISO and MIMO control systems and can apply the most important analysis and synthesis methods for MIMO control loops.
ContentPart I: More effective design methods for SISO controllers (PID, cascaded control loops, predictors, numerical methods). Compensation of the most important nonlinearities. Controller realization with analog and digital elements.
Part II: Extension of the basic SISO ideas (time and frequency domain, controllability, observability, eigenvalues, poles, zeros, frequency response, etc.) to MIMO systems. Design of state feedback controllers in time domain, in particular LQR approaches. Design of state observers and observer-based controllers with state feedback, in particular LQG approaches. Robustness analysis for MIMO control loops and approaches to increase robustness. Outlook to controller design in frequency domain. Several case studies.
Lecture notesScript for Control Systems II.

Parts from Analysis and Synthesis of Single-Input Single-Output Control Systems, Lino Guzzella, vdf Hochschulverlag.

In addition, the slides of the lecture will be made available online.
Literature- Analysis and Synthesis of Single-Input Single-Output Control Systems, Lino Guzzella, vdf Hochschulverlag.

- S. Skogestad and I. Postlethwaite. Multivariable Feedback Control, Analysis and design, 2nd ed. John Wiley and Sons.

- K. Zhou with J. C. Doyle. Essentials of Robust Control. Prentice Hall.

- Feedback Systems: An Introduction for Scientists and Engineers Karl J. Åström and Richard M. Murray
Prerequisites / NoticeKnowledge of the classical control theory (e.g. from the "151-0591-00 - Control Systems I" course).
151-0700-00LManufacturingW4 credits2V + 2UK. Wegener
AbstractFundamental terms of productions engineering, plastic deformation, machining, Lasermachining, Mechatronic in the productions machine construction, Quality assurance, Process chain planning.
Objective- Knowledge of principal terms of manufacturing engineering
- Basic knowledge of some processes, their mode of operation and
design (forming, separative processes, Laser technics)
- Knowledge of product defining properties and limitations of applications
- In competition of processes make the right decisions
- Procedure for process chain planning
- Basic knowledge for quality assurance
ContentExplanation of basic principles of manufacturing technics and insight into the functionality of a manufacturing shop. Plastic deformation- and separative- manufacturing processes, as well as laser machining (welding and cutting), and their layouts, product defining properties and limitations of applications such as the associated workshop facilities, will be introduced in different details. Further basic principles of the industrial measurement technique and mechatronics concepts in machine tool construction will be discussed.
Lecture notesYes
LiteratureHerbert Fritz, Günter Schulze (Hrsg.) Fertigungstechnik. 6. Aufl. Springer Verlag 2003
Prerequisites / NoticeAn excursion to one or two manufacturing engineering plant is planned.
151-0966-00LIntroduction to Quantum Mechanics for EngineersW4 credits2V + 2UD. J. Norris
AbstractThis course provides fundamental knowledge in the principles of quantum mechanics and connects it to applications in engineering.
ObjectiveTo work effectively in many areas of modern engineering, such as renewable energy and nanotechnology, students must possess a basic understanding of quantum mechanics. The aim of this course is to provide this knowledge while making connections to applications of relevancy to engineers. After completing this course, students will understand the basic postulates of quantum mechanics and be able to apply mathematical methods for solving various problems including atoms, molecules, and solids. Additional examples from engineering disciplines will also be integrated.
ContentFundamentals of Quantum Mechanics
- Historical Perspective
- Schrödinger Equation
- Postulates of Quantum Mechanics
- Operators
- Harmonic Oscillator
- Hydrogen atom
- Multielectron Atoms
- Crystalline Systems
- Spectroscopy
- Approximation Methods
- Applications in Engineering
Lecture notesClass Notes and Handouts
LiteratureText: David J. Griffiths and Darrell F. Schroeter, Introduction to Quantum Mechanics, 3rd Edition, Cambridge University Press.
Prerequisites / NoticeAnalysis III, Mechanics III, Physics I, Linear Algebra II
327-3002-00LMaterials for Mechanical EngineersW4 credits2V + 1UR. Spolenak, A. R. Studart, R. Style
AbstractThis course provides a basic foundation in materials science for mechanical engineers. Students learns how to select the right material for the application at hand. In addition, the appropriate processing-microstructure-property relationship will lead to the fundamental understanding of concepts that determines the mechanical and functional properties.
ObjectiveAt the end of the course, the student will able to:
• choose the appropriate material for mechanical engineering applications
• find the optimal compromise between materials property, cost and ecological impact
• understand the most important concepts that allow for the tuning of mechanical and functional properties of materials
ContentBlock A: Materials Selection
• Principles of Materials Selection
• Introduction to the Cambridge Engineering Selector
• Cost optimization and penalty functions
• Ecoselection

Block B: Mechanical properties across materials classes
• Young's modulus from 1 Pa to 1 TPa
• Failure: yield strength, toughness, fracture toughness, and fracture energy
• Strategies to toughen materials from gels to metals.

Block C: Structural Light Weight Materials
• Aluminum and magnesium alloys
• Engineering and fiber-reinforced polymers

Block D: Structural Materials in the Body
• Strength, stiffness and wear resistance
• Processing, structure and properties of load-bearing implants

Block E: Structural High Temperature Materials
• Superalloys and refractory metals
• Structural high-temperature ceramics

Block F: Materials for Sensors
• Semiconductors
• Piezoelectrica

Block G: Dissipative dynamics and bonding
• Frequency dependent materials properties (from rheology of soft materials to vibration damping in structural materials)
• Adhesion energy and contact mechanics
• Peeling and delamination

Block H: Materials for 3D Printing
• Deposition methods and their consequences for materials (deposition by sintering, direct ink writing, fused deposition modeling, stereolithography)
• Additive manufacturing of structural and active Materials
Literature• Kalpakjian, Schmid, Werner, Werkstofftechnik
• Ashby, Materials Selection in Mechanical Design
• Meyers, Chawla, Mechanical Behavior of Materials
• Rösler, Harders, Bäker, Mechanisches Verhalten der Werkstoffe
626-0012-00LBioengineering
For the Focus Biomedical Engineering this course is strongly recommended to be chosen among the Electives.
W4 credits3GS. Panke, J. G. Snedeker
AbstractAn introduction to biology for engineers: basic biochemistry, cell metabolism (principles of energy and mass transfer in cellular systems), cell biology (structure and composition of cells, transport processes across cell membranes, growth and reproduction of cells), cellular and molecular biophysics, quantitative tools used in bio- and biomedical engineering
ObjectiveStudents that already posses an engineering background will be exposed to a broad introduction of fundamental concepts in the fields of biology and chemistry. Focus will be given to aspects relevant to research and development projects in the fields of biotechnology, bioprocess engineering, or biomedical devices. The course will highlight technically exploitable elements in biology and chemistry, to provide the basic understanding and a necessary vocabulary for interdisciplinary communication with biologists / biotechnologists.
ContentBasic biochemistry, cell metabolism (principles of energy and mass transfer in the cell, biocatalysis and enzymes, cellular respiration, protein synthesis, regulation), cellular biology (structure and composition of cells, transport processes across cell membranes, growth and reproduction of cells) , introduction to biotechnology tools and applications of molecular and cellular engineering.
Lecture notesLecture slides and supporting material made available for download on ILIAS.
LiteratureNA Campbell, JB Reece : Biology, Oxford University Press; B. Alberts et al : Molecular Biology of the Cell , Garland Science; J. Koolman , Roehm KH : Color Atlas of Biochemistry, Thieme-Verlag.; CR Jacobs, H Huang, RY Kwon: Introduction to Cell Mechanics and Mechanobiology, Garland Science;
Engineering Tools
The Engineering Tools courses are for MAVT Bachelor’s degree students only.
NumberTitleTypeECTSHoursLecturers
252-0862-00LEngineering Tool: Modelling Information
The Engineering Tool-courses are for MAVT Bachelor’s degree students only.
W+0.4 credits1KM. Schwerhoff
AbstractThis course provides an introduction to modelling, i.e. the representation of real-world entities and systems in computer programs. Basic modelling techniques will be introduced and illustrated, and students will apply these techniques in small projects, by modelling parts of systems such as a lift or a railway network.
ObjectiveStudents develop an intuition for modelling the essential aspects of simple applications from their field. They learn how to transform such a model into a computer program.
Prerequisites / NoticeLecture Series Informatik 252-0832-00L or equivalent knowledge in programming with C++. Engineering Tool: Advanced Programming with C++ is recommended, but not mandatory.

Work on a programming project. Course can only be taken if the programming project is executed and submitted. If no solution to the programming project is submitted, the course is considered failed ("drop out").
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