Search result: Catalogue data in Spring Semester 2016

Earth Sciences Master Information
Major in Geology
Compulsory Module in Analytical Methods in Earth Sciences
Students need to register for 6 credits in part A, and 6 credits in part B.
Part A: Microscopy Courses
Courses for this Module take place in autumn semester.
Part B: Methods
NumberTitleTypeECTSHoursLecturers
651-4038-00LAnalysis of Rock TexturesW3 credits3GK. Kunze, N. Mancktelow
Abstract
Objective
Restricted Choice Modules Geology
Structural Geology
NumberTitleTypeECTSHoursLecturers
651-4022-00LStructural Geology with Field CourseW+4 credits2V + 2PN. Mancktelow
AbstractTo provide a strong theoretical grounding in advanced aspects of structural geology, as well as the practical application of structural field mapping techniques in complexly deformed areas.
ObjectiveTo understand the theoretical basis and be able to practically apply methods of strain and kinematic analysis, to understand the development of mechanical instabilities such as folds in deformed rocks, and to have a basis for understanding the flow of polymineralic rocks with stronger clasts in a weaker matrix. The aim is to have a strong theretical basis for critically assessing and interpreting field observations.
ContentThe first half of the course consist of lectures and practical exercises in more advanced aspects of structural geology, including finite strain theory, finite strain measurement, kinematics, mechanical instability (e.g. folds and boudins), the behaviour of rigid particles in flow, perturbation flow, flanking structures, strain localization and fluid-rock interaction. The second half of the course is a 5-day field mapping exercise in a complexly deformed terrain, with the production of a map and a ca. 10-15 page report. The mark from the written exam at the end of the theory part and the mark for the field report are equally weighted in determining the final result.
Lecture notesA comprehensive script and set of exercises is provided as part of the course.
Prerequisites / NoticePrevious field mapping experience (field courses I, II and III for ETH Bachelor students or the equivalent for students admitted from elsewhere to the Master program)
651-4132-00LField Course IV: Non Alpine Field Course Restricted registration - show details
Does not take place this semester.
W+3 credits6Pto be announced
AbstractGeological Mapping in the Jebel Akhdar window in Oman; unconformity between the Permian cover and the Proterozoic basement; excursion in the Sumail ophiolite.
ObjectiveUnderstanding of the pre-Alpine history of the Arabian Plate (southern margin of Tethys).
ContentGeological mapping in groups of 2 in Proterozoic and Palaeozoic sediments; distinguishing mappable formations and their description; sedimentological and structural analysis; visiting an ophiolite sequence; presentation and discussion of literature material related to the working area; reconstruction of the history of the area.
Final group reports to be handed within the week 10-17 February in ZH.
Lecture notesWill be handed out.
LiteratureWill be distributed
Prerequisites / NoticeSuccessful participation in Field Courses I-III and success to all courses of the Bachelor.
651-4076-00LAnisotropical Behaviour and Rheology of Rocks
Does not take place this semester.
W3 credits2G
AbstractAnisotropy of rocks: from laboratory measurements to numerical prediction. Link between structural geology, petrology and geophysics.
Rheology of rocks: from laboratory measurements to flow laws used for numerical modelling. Special emphasis on plastic deformation.
ObjectiveGive laboratory experience for the determination of physical properties of rocks and comparison with the numerical prediction.
ContentDescription of physical properties (seismic, thermal and electrical conductivity, permeability etc.)
Elasticity in isotropic media.
Microscopic aspects of anisotropy.
Elasticity and seismic velocities in crystals.
Elasticity in polyphase rocks.
Exercises with software (Mainprice) to calculate seismic properties.
Methods for the measurements of seismic properties of rocks in Laboratory. Practice on the bench with the oscilloscope.
Anisotropy at different scales.

Rheology and deformation mechanism: from single phase to polyphase rocks (solid state).
Measurements and elaboration of LPO, SPO using OIM, Beartex, Surfor and Paror software.
Introduction to rheology and flow laws.
Deformation mechanism maps, crustal strength profiles and extrapolation from experiment to nature .
Experimental rock deformation techniques (stress-strain curves etc.).
Experimental deformation in Laboratory. Practice using uniaxial experimental set-up. Example in the brittle field.
Experimental deformation practical in the Paterson gas rig.
LiteratureProperties of earth and planetary materials at high pressure and temperature (M. Manghnani and T. Yagi eds.) (1998). AGU Geophys. Monograph. 101, Washington DC. p562

Handbook of physical constants (P. Sydney and JR Clark eds.) (1966). GSA Memoir 97, New Haven, p587

Wave fields in real media: wave peropagation in anisotropic, anelastic and porous media. M. Carcione. (2001). Pergamon press, Amsterdam, p390

Experimental rock deformation. The brittle field. M.S. Paterson. (1978). Springer Verlag, Berlin, p254.

Phisical properties of crystals. J.F. Nye (1972) University press, Oxford. p322.

Mineral physics and crystallography: a handbook of physical consants. (T.J. Ahrens ed.). 1995. AGU reference shelf 2, Washington DC, p354

Rock physics and phase relations: a handbook of physical consants. (T.J. Ahrens ed.). 1995. AGU reference shelf 3, Washington DC, p236

Introduction to the physics of the earth’s interior. J.-P. Poirier. (1991) Cambridge University press. Cambridge p264

Introduction to the physics of rocks. Y. Gueguen and V. Palciauskas.(1994). Princeton University press. Princeton p294

Physical properties of rocks and minerals. (R.S.Charmicael ed.). (1989). CRC press. Boca Raton, p741.

Seismic anisotropy in the earth. V. Babuska and M. Cara (1991). Kluwer. Dordrtecht. p217.
651-4038-00LAnalysis of Rock TexturesW3 credits3GK. Kunze, N. Mancktelow
Abstract
Objective
651-4050-00LExperimental Rock Deformation Restricted registration - show details
Does not take place this semester.
Number of participants limited to 12.
W3 credits2G
AbstractThe aim of the course is to illustrate how to determined flow laws of rocks from experiments and to compare the produced microstructures with naturally deformed rocks. The fundamental techniques of experimental rock deformation will be illustrated and tested on natural rock samples. The extrapolation to nature will be discussed.
ObjectiveGeodynamical modeling makes use of experimentally determined flow-laws. The aim of this course is to illustrate how to determined flow-laws of rocks from experiments and how to extrapolate to natural conditions. Since the time scale of laboratory experiments is several orders of magnitude faster than nature, we compare the microstructure of natural rocks with that produced during the experiments to prove that the same mechanisms are operating.
For this purpose, the fundamental techniques of experimental rock deformation will be both illustrated and tested on natural rock samples in the plastic deformation regime (high temperature) as well in the brittle regime. There will be enough time to test practically in the lab, to acquire the data, to correct for calibration and to process the data and finally to interpret the data.

The course is at Master student level, but will be useful for PhDs students who want to begin to work in experimental deformation or who want to know the meaning and the limitation of laboratory flow-laws for geodynamic modelling
Content1) Experimental deformation apparatus
- Gas apparatus
- Fluid apparatus
- Solid medium apparatus

2) Main parts of apparatus
- Mechanical, hydraulic
- Heating systems
- Sensors and data logging

3) Calibration of apparatus
- Distortion of the rig
- Calibration of transducers

4) Different type of tests
- Axial deformation
- Diagonal cut and torsion deformation
- Constant strain rate tests
- Creep tests
- Stepping tests (strain rate, temperature, stress)

5) Testing on natural rocks (e.g. Carrara marble)
- Room temperature: brittle failure
- High temperature: plastic deformation (on the Paterson apparatus)
- Data processing

6) Experimental rheology
- Deformation mechanisms
- Flow laws
- Deformation mechanism maps

7) Microstructures
- Analysis
- Comparison with nature
Lecture notesPower point presentations will be given when necessary
651-4134-00LTectonic GeomorphologyW6 credits2V + 6PS. F. Gallen, V. Picotti
AbstractCourse covers the theory and applications of tectonic geomorphology. Topics include the landscape response to an earthquake, use of fluvial terraces and other geomorphic markers to map uplift, methods of dating surfaces and landscapes, topographic evolution over active structures and landscape evolution of active mountain ranges. Methods include field mapping, DEM analysis and computer modeling.
ObjectiveTo learn theoretical and practical aspects of modern tectonic geomorphology. Field course, classroom and computer-based analysis will be combined to provide hands-on experience with geomorphic data, analysis and modeling techniques. We will work as a group to address the practical questions regarding evidence for recent deformation of the northern Apennines as an integrated field and modeling study. We will learn to use a variety of geomorphic and tectonic data to map uplift rates and patterns and use this to infer subsurface faulting kinematics.
ContentCourse includes a lecture component (in second half-semester) and a 9 day fieldtrip. Students should register for both components. Fieldtrip will involve collecting field data from active structures in the Northern Apennines. Lecture component will include theoretical background and analysis of data collected during fieldtrip.
LiteratureRequired Textbook: Tectonic Geomorphology, Burbank and Anderson, Blackwell.
Prerequisites / NoticeStudents should register for both lecture and field components (blockcourse). They will be graded together. Fieldtrip will be held during 1 week of the semester, typically in early May.
Sedimentology
NumberTitleTypeECTSHoursLecturers
651-4150-00LSedimentary Rocks and Processes Restricted registration - show details
Does not take place this semester.
Number of participants limited to 26.
W+4 credits3PS. Willett
AbstractStudents will be trained for 10 days in the field analysis of sedimentary rocks. They will learn how to measure sections, they will combine facies analysis with analysis of sedimentary structures in the field. The area of study selected for this course changes from year to year.
ObjectiveThe students will be able to analyse and describe marine sedimentary rocks in the field and they will be able to reconstruct their depositional setting.
ContentThe students will learn how to analyze sedimentary rocks in the field. The field course will include investigations of marine carbonates and siliciclastics in an alpine setting.
LiteratureWill be distributed before the course
Prerequisites / NoticeBSc in Earth Sciences
Some experience in geological field mapping (Geological Field Course 1 and 2 or equivalent)
651-4002-00LStratigraphy and TimeW3 credits2GA. Gilli, P. Brack, H. Bucher, I. Hajdas, K. Hippe, A. M. Hirt, S. Ivy Ochs
AbstractAnalytical methods and concepts for the construction of a geochronological framework, including processes and geological rates.
ObjectiveThe course discusses methodologies for the construction of geochronological timescales, but goes beyound applied chronometry by advancing the understanding of types and rates of geological processes, the causes of contiguous and disjunct stratigraphies, placing of discrete events in temporal order.
ContentAnalytical methods and concepts for the construction of a geochronological framework (Global Standard Section and Point, GSSP), including biostratigraphy, eustatic sea-level variations, radioisotopic dating, cosmogenic isotopes, stable isotope and geochemical correlation, paleomagnetic stratigraphy, and carbon isotope dating.
Lecture notesHandouts
LiteratureDoyle, P. & Bennett, M.R. Editors (1998). Unlocking the stratigraphical record-advances in modern stratigraphy, John Wiley & Sons, 532 p. (useful introduction)
Ogg, J.G., Ogg, G., Gradstein, F.M. 2008. The concise geologic time scale. Cambridge University Press. 177 p. (newest geol. time scale)
Prerequisites / NoticeThe course is taught by a series of specialists on the different topics.
651-4902-00LQuaternary Geology and Geomorphology of the AlpsW3 credits2VS. Ivy Ochs, U. H. Fischer, K. Hippe
AbstractAfter a brief introduction to the scientific principles of glaciology, we survey the present state of knowledge on Pleistocene glacial periods and post-glacial landscape modification in the Alps. Emphasis is on understanding modes of formation of landscape elements attributable to glacial, glaciofluvial, periglacial, fluvial, hillslope, and mass wasting processes.
ObjectiveThrough a combination of lectures, classroom practical exercises, and field mapping of Quaternary landforms, an intuitive understanding of the formation and evolution of the landscape of the Alps and the forelands will be built up.
We focus on development of the following skills: landform recognition on remote imagery and in the field; depositional process identification based on sediment characterization; reconstruction of valley-scale geomorphological evolutionary sequences.
ContentThe following topics will be covered: glacier mass and energy balance; glacier motion; glacier hydrology; glacial erosion; glacial sediment balance; piedmont and valley glacier landsystems; till formation; glaciofluvial sediments; alluvial and debris-flow fan processes; Alpine rock slope failure landform/sediment associations; Alpine Quaternary stratigraphy; long-term uplift and denudation of the Alps.
Lecture notesSlides from the lectures will be made available.
LiteratureLists of key scientific articles will be given for each topic.
Relevant scientific articles will be distributed during the course.
Prerequisites / NoticeRequired attendance at lectures and excurisions (several 1-day excursions during the semester and one 3-day field mapping session during the summer).
Grading will be a combination of classroom participation, student presentations, practical exercises, field reports, and field maps from the excursions.
651-4004-00LOrganic Geochemistry and the Global Carbon CycleW3 credits2GT. I. Eglinton, M. Lupker
AbstractThe carbon cycle connects different reservoirs of C, including life on Earth, atmospheric CO2, and economically important geological reserves of C. Much of this C is in reduced (organic) form, and is composed of complex chemical structures that reflect diverse biological activity, processes and transformations.
ObjectiveA wealth of information is held within the complex organic molecules, both in the context of the contemporary carbon cycle and its links to is other biogeochemical cycles, as well as in relation to Earth's history, the evolution of life and climate on this planet.

In this course we will learn about the role of reduced forms of carbon in the global cycle, how these forms of carbon are produced, move around the planet, and become sequestered in the geological record, and how they can be used to infer biological activity and conditions on this planet in the geologic past. The course encompasses a range of spatial and temporal scales, from molecular to global, and from the contemporary environment to earliest life.
Prerequisites / NoticeThis course and the lecture course "651-4044-00L Geomicrobiology and Biogeochemistry" Link are good preparations for the combined Field-Lab Course ("651-4044-02 P Geomicrobiology and Biogeochemistry Field Course" and "651-4044-01 P Geomicrobiology and Biogeochemistry Lab Practical"). Details under Link
651-4134-00LTectonic GeomorphologyW6 credits2V + 6PS. F. Gallen, V. Picotti
AbstractCourse covers the theory and applications of tectonic geomorphology. Topics include the landscape response to an earthquake, use of fluvial terraces and other geomorphic markers to map uplift, methods of dating surfaces and landscapes, topographic evolution over active structures and landscape evolution of active mountain ranges. Methods include field mapping, DEM analysis and computer modeling.
ObjectiveTo learn theoretical and practical aspects of modern tectonic geomorphology. Field course, classroom and computer-based analysis will be combined to provide hands-on experience with geomorphic data, analysis and modeling techniques. We will work as a group to address the practical questions regarding evidence for recent deformation of the northern Apennines as an integrated field and modeling study. We will learn to use a variety of geomorphic and tectonic data to map uplift rates and patterns and use this to infer subsurface faulting kinematics.
ContentCourse includes a lecture component (in second half-semester) and a 9 day fieldtrip. Students should register for both components. Fieldtrip will involve collecting field data from active structures in the Northern Apennines. Lecture component will include theoretical background and analysis of data collected during fieldtrip.
LiteratureRequired Textbook: Tectonic Geomorphology, Burbank and Anderson, Blackwell.
Prerequisites / NoticeStudents should register for both lecture and field components (blockcourse). They will be graded together. Fieldtrip will be held during 1 week of the semester, typically in early May.
651-4080-00LFluvial SedimentologyW2 credits2GP. Huggenberger
AbstractUnderstanding the relationship between sediment transport, sediment sorting and sedimentary structures in coarse fluvial deposts.
ObjectiveDescription of coarse fluvial sediments, to understand the sedimentary processes of braided river systems, to get familiar with modeling concepts of braided river systems and sediment sorting processes, description and comparison of modern river sediments (systems) and ancient systems, discussion of applied aspects of fluvial sedimentology
Audiance: Students in Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences and Geography
Content- Advanced methods for the description of fluvial sediments of coarse fluvial systems, including geophysical methods
- Facies analysis and interpretation, description of sediment sorting, textures and structures of coarse fluvial systems
- Understanding sediment sorting and sediment transport processes of coarse gravelly rivers (the role of turbulence)
- Recognition of the relation between surface morphology (earth surface) and geological structures to recognize in outcrops or along cliffs
- Influence of preservation potential of sedimentary units in dynamic environments
- Landscape shaping processes
- Applied fluvial sedimentology
- recent developments in investigation methods
Lecture notesScript will be provided during semester (Text, Appendix, Figures)
LiteratureCalow, P. and Petts, G., 1995, The Rivers Handbook: Hydrological and Ecological Principles, Volume I and II
Miall, A. D., 1985, The Geology of Fluvial Deposits, Sedimentary Facies Analysis, Basin Analysis, and Petroleum Geology
Chiang, H. H. 1992, Fluvial Processes in River Engineering
Best, J. L. and Bristow, C. S., 1993, Braided Rivers, Geological Society Special Publication, No 75.
Clifford, N. J. et al. 1993, Turbulence, Perspectives on Flow and Sediment Transport, Wiley, 360 p.
- futher references will be given during the course
Clifford, N. J. and French, J. R. and Hardisty, J., 1993, Turbulence, Perspectives on Flow and Sediment Transport
Bridge, John S., 2003, Rivers and Floodplains; Forms, Processes and Sedimentary Record
Prerequisites / NoticeStudy of selected papers related to the course
Requirements: Basic courses in Earth Sciences

Working Excursions as important topic of the course
101-0302-00LClays in Geotechnics: Problems and Applications
Remark: same course content as 651-4078-00L Clay Mineralogy (provided untill FS15).
W3 credits2GM. Plötze
AbstractThis course gives a comprehensive introduction in clay mineralogy, properties, characterising and testing methods as well as applied aspects and problems of clays and clay minerals in geotechniques. This course comprises of lectures with exercises, case studies, and demonstrated experiments.
ObjectiveUpon successful completion of this course the student is able to:
- Describe clay minerals and their fundamental properties
- Describe/propose methods for characterization of clays and clay minerals
- Draw conclusion about specific properties of clays with a focus to their potential use, problematics and things to consider in geotechniques and engineering geology.
Content- Introduction to clays and clay minerals (importance and application in geosciences, industry and everyday life)
- Origin of clays (formation of clays and clay minerals, geological origin)
- Clay mineral structure, classification and identification incl. methods for investigation (e.g. XRD)
- Properties of clay materials, characterisation and quantification incl. methods for investigation (cation exchange, rheology, plasticity, shearing, swelling, permeability, retardation and diffusion)
- Clay Minerals in geotechniques: Problems and applications (e.g. soil mechanics, barriers, slurry walls)
Lecture notesLecture slides and further documents will be available in the lecture
Palaeoclimatology
NumberTitleTypeECTSHoursLecturers
651-4004-00LOrganic Geochemistry and the Global Carbon CycleW+3 credits2GT. I. Eglinton, M. Lupker
AbstractThe carbon cycle connects different reservoirs of C, including life on Earth, atmospheric CO2, and economically important geological reserves of C. Much of this C is in reduced (organic) form, and is composed of complex chemical structures that reflect diverse biological activity, processes and transformations.
ObjectiveA wealth of information is held within the complex organic molecules, both in the context of the contemporary carbon cycle and its links to is other biogeochemical cycles, as well as in relation to Earth's history, the evolution of life and climate on this planet.

In this course we will learn about the role of reduced forms of carbon in the global cycle, how these forms of carbon are produced, move around the planet, and become sequestered in the geological record, and how they can be used to infer biological activity and conditions on this planet in the geologic past. The course encompasses a range of spatial and temporal scales, from molecular to global, and from the contemporary environment to earliest life.
Prerequisites / NoticeThis course and the lecture course "651-4044-00L Geomicrobiology and Biogeochemistry" Link are good preparations for the combined Field-Lab Course ("651-4044-02 P Geomicrobiology and Biogeochemistry Field Course" and "651-4044-01 P Geomicrobiology and Biogeochemistry Lab Practical"). Details under Link
651-4002-00LStratigraphy and TimeW3 credits2GA. Gilli, P. Brack, H. Bucher, I. Hajdas, K. Hippe, A. M. Hirt, S. Ivy Ochs
AbstractAnalytical methods and concepts for the construction of a geochronological framework, including processes and geological rates.
ObjectiveThe course discusses methodologies for the construction of geochronological timescales, but goes beyound applied chronometry by advancing the understanding of types and rates of geological processes, the causes of contiguous and disjunct stratigraphies, placing of discrete events in temporal order.
ContentAnalytical methods and concepts for the construction of a geochronological framework (Global Standard Section and Point, GSSP), including biostratigraphy, eustatic sea-level variations, radioisotopic dating, cosmogenic isotopes, stable isotope and geochemical correlation, paleomagnetic stratigraphy, and carbon isotope dating.
Lecture notesHandouts
LiteratureDoyle, P. & Bennett, M.R. Editors (1998). Unlocking the stratigraphical record-advances in modern stratigraphy, John Wiley & Sons, 532 p. (useful introduction)
Ogg, J.G., Ogg, G., Gradstein, F.M. 2008. The concise geologic time scale. Cambridge University Press. 177 p. (newest geol. time scale)
Prerequisites / NoticeThe course is taught by a series of specialists on the different topics.
651-4054-00LMicropalaeontologyW3 credits2GR. Schiebel
AbstractGeneral introduction to the various groups of microfossils, their morphology, taxonomy, biology, ecology, and application in such fields as biostratigraphy, palaeoecology, palaeoceanography, and the solution of other geological problems. Practical exercises and demonstrations of material will involve the examination of picked and strew-mounted microscope slides.
ObjectiveAt the end of the module you will be able to:
1. Assign a microfossil to its major taxonomic group (e.g. foraminifer, ostracod, dinoflagellate, palynomorph, etc.).
2. Be aware of, and to recognise, the main morphological and compositional features which allow assignation of an individual fossil to each group.
3. Draw basic stratigraphic conclusions about microfossil assemblages (e.g. age of rock unit, correlations, etc.)
4. Deduce paleoecological and/or paleoceanographic interpretations from different assemblages of microfossils.
5. Understand the applicability of particular microfossil groups to particular lithologies and particular geological time periods.
6. Determine which microfossil groups are most applicable to the solution of a variety of particular geological problems.
ContentLectures will introduce the various microfossil groups and detail their utility as important indicators of past environments by examining the ecology of living microplankton taxa and extrapolating this to the fossil record (paleoecology, paleoceanography). The applicability of different microfossil groups in providing both relative timescales (through zonal schemes) and biostratigraphic correlation will be detailed, as will the role of certain microfossils in understanding evolutionary processes. Microplankton as agents of global environmental change will also be investigated, especially with regard to fluxes of CaCO3 and C and hence to CO2 in the atmosphere. The microfossil groups which will be studied in the above context are those which form mineralised skeletons (calcareous, siliceous, phosphatic) and the organic-walled microfossils (known as palynomorphs).
LiteratureARMSTRONG, H.A. & BRASIER, M.D. (2005). Microfossils - Second Edition. 296 p., Blackwell Publishing Ltd. (new edition of the Brasier 1980 book below)

BIGNOT, G. (1985). Elements of micropalaeontology. Graham & Trotman, London. (generally good, all round text, quite adequate as an introduction to many groups)

BRASIER, M.D. (1980). Microfossils. George Allen & Unwin. (First Edition, rather dated and some chapters are very poor)

HAQ, B.U. & BOERSMA, A. (1998). Introduction to marine micropalaeontology. Elsevier, Amsterdam. (also the earlier 1978 version which is a little dated, but good for certain chapters such as radiolaria, which are less well covered in other texts)

JANSONIUS, J. & McGREGOR, D.C. (eds.) (1996). Palynology: principles & applications. 3 volumes. AASP Foundation, Austin, TX. (The most comprehensive palynological text: at 1330 pages you'd expect it to be!)

LIPPS, J.H. (ed.) (1992). Fossil prokaryotes and protists. Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford. (esp. dinoflagellates)

TRAVERSE, A. (1988). Paleopalynology. Unwin Hyman, London. (not surprisingly all about palynology, exhaustive, but DO NOT read the spore/pollen morphology sections! Second edition publ. in 2007)
Prerequisites / NoticeA general background knowledge of palaeontological methods and principles. No prior knowledge of microfossils is necessary.
651-4056-00LLimnogeologyW3 credits2GA. Gilli, N. Dubois, K. Kremer
AbstractThis course links lakes, their subsurface and their environment. It will be discussed how lake sediments record past environmental changes (e.g. climate, human impact, natural hazards) and how lake sediments can be used to reconstruct these changes. Emphasis is also given on the modern limnologic processes essential in interpreting the fossil record. With 1 or 2-day field course on Lake Lucerne.
ObjectiveStudents are able to
- explain and discuss the role of lake sediments as archives of environmental change.
- plan an own limnogeologic campaign, i.e. finding, recovering, analyzing and interpreting the sedimentary lake archive to solve a particular scientific question.
- examine the complexity of a lake system with all its connection to the environment.
- relate subaerial processes with subaquatic processes.
- identify processes around and in lakes causing natural hazards.
ContentContent of the course:
Introduction - Lakes, the small oceans
History of Limnogeology.
Limnogeologic campaigns
The water column: Aquatic physics (currents, waves, oscillations, etc.).
Sediments caught in the water: sediment traps
Geophysical survey methods (multibeam bathymetry, seismics)
Large open perialpine lakes.
Laminations in lake sediments: Clastic vs. biochemical varves.
Hydrologically closed lake systems
Chronostratigraphic dating of lake sediments
Lake sediments as proxies for climate change
Lake sediments as recorder of anthropogenic impact

The class includes a 1- or 2-day field practica on Lake Lucerne.
Introduction to themes of Lake Lucerne field course.
Limnogeological methods on the lake and in the laboratory: various sampling and surveying techniques (water analysis, seismic surveying, sediment coring, laboratory analyses).
Seismic-to-core correlation and interpretation
Lecture notesWill be distributed in each class unit.
LiteratureWill be distributed in each class unit.
Prerequisites / NoticeCredit points and grade will be given based on a written report about the field course.
651-4226-00LGeochemical and Isotopic Tracers of the Earth SystemW+3 credits2VD. Vance
AbstractThis unit discusses the geochemical approaches used to understand the dynamics of the surface Earth, now and in the past. Emphasis is placed on gaining a basic understanding of how the tracers work, e.g. on the modern Earth. Case studies will be used to appreciate what we can learn about the past, in particular the major changes that the surface Earth system has undergone over Earth history.
ObjectiveThis unit is designed with the particular aim of providing a firm grounding in the geochemical methods used to observe and trace the Earth System, now and in the past. The approach in lectures will be the pursuit of a sound understanding of the controlling physical and chemical factors of each method, to encourage students to think about their application and interpretation from first principles. Exercises will provide an opportunity to analyse real data, to understand their meaning, and to quantitatively interpret them in the context of simple box models.
ContentMost of the important geochemical and isotopic methods used to study the surface Earth will be covered, including: tracing the hydrological cycle using stable isotopes , geochemical and isotopic tracing of the carbon cycle, the chemistry of aerosols in the atmosphere, using boron isotopes to understand the oceanic carbonate system, using radiogenic isotopes as surface Earth tracers (including U-series, Sr-Nd-Pb etc), the silica cycle at the surface Earth (including silicon isotopes), trace metals and their isotopes (focusing on surface Earth redox).

Real data will be woven through all of these but case studies using geochemical data will come from e.g. the
Quaternary (ice cores, ocean sediments and speleothems), the history of Cenozoic CO2 , Mesozoic OAEs, the early oxygenation of the Earth.
Lecture notesSlides of lectures will be available.
Biogeochemistry
NumberTitleTypeECTSHoursLecturers
651-4044-00LGeomicrobiology and Biogeochemistry Information W+3 credits2GT. I. Eglinton, T. R. R. Bontognali, C. Vasconcelos
AbstractMicroorganisms have helped to shape the Earth over almost 4 billion years making it habitable for higher forms of life. Recent advances in our understanding of how microbial life impacts the Earth have led to a newly evolving field of geomicrobiology and associated biogeochemistry, which links the biosphere with the geosphere.
ObjectiveThe course aims to provide an introduction to geomicrobiology and to describe how microbial communities have influenced biogeochemical cycles and mineralogical processes through geologic time.

This lecture course is supplemented by an independent field-lab-course from August 29 to September 9. For details see lecture catalog ETHZ 651-4044-02L and ETHZ 651-4044-01L.
ContentThe lecture course covers the following topics: 1. Microbial properties and diversity, 2. Microbial metabolism that relates to geochemistry, 3. Cell surface reactivity, 4. Sediment biogeochemistry, 5. Biomineral formation in stromatolites, 6. Microbial weathering, 7. Biomarker geochemistry and 8. Microbial life in Earth history. The course will include laboratory practicals in geomicrobiology and geochemistry.
A detailed description of the course layout will become available on OLAT under Link
at the beginning of January.
Lecture notesPower point slides will be distributed during the course with recommended reading lists.
Access to the lecture notes requires that students sign up in the learning resources "Geomicrobiology_16" in OLAT (available in January) via the internet address given above.
LiteratureRecommended References are listed in the "Geomicrobiology_16" website on OLAT (Link) and research papers and reviews to specific topics are available in the File Exchange folders.
A number of handbooks will be on display in the library (shelf on the right hand side) for use in the library only.
Prerequisites / NoticeTiming: The course starts on February 22 and ends on May 30. Prerequisites: Recall and remember what you learned in introductory chemistry and biology and apply it to geochemistry and microbial biochemistry.

The students will make oral presentations on selected topics based on the specific laboratory experiments.

This course and the lecture course "651-4004-00L Organic Geochemistry and the Global Carbon Cycle" are recommended prerequisites for participating in the combined Field-Lab courses ("651-4044-02 P Geomicrobiology and Biogeochemistry Field Course" and "651-4044-01 P Geomicrobiology and Biogeochemistry Lab Practical"). Details under Link
651-4044-02LGeomicrobiology and Biogeochemistry Field Course Information Restricted registration - show details
Number of participants limited to 25.

Lectures from "Geomicrobiology and Biogeochemistry" and "Organic Geochemistry and Biogeochemical Cycles" are recommended but not mandatory for participation in the field course.
W2 credits4PT. I. Eglinton, D. Vance
Abstract1. Microbial roles in dissolving and forming minerals
2. Interactions between geochemical, hydrologic and atmospheric determinants in alpine environments
3. Carbon sequestration in glacial retreat areas, soil formation in different bedrock areas, geochemical nutrient scavenging in nutrient-poor high mountain ecosystems
4. Physiological adaptation to extreme conditions
ObjectiveIllustrating basic geological, chemical and geo-microbiological topics under natural conditions and relating them to past, present and future global environmental conditions.
Each course participant focuses on a scientific question related to one of the course topics, searches for details in the literature and presents a short summary of his / her course research.

Didactic Approach: Preparation lectures, investigation of field sites, sampling and sample preservation and follow-up analyses for the lab module (651-4044-01L), studying papers, exercises on concept formulation, ecosystem modeling, presentation of field results.
The preparation for the fieldwork is designed as a partial distance-learning course via the internet. Lectures along with other course material can be viewed before the field course. Students will need to complete a variety of assignments and participate at discussion forums on OLAT before the field course.
ContentThe field course (651-4044-02L) will take place from August 29 to September 3. It will be followed by a laboratory module from September 5 to September 9 (independent sign-up under 651-4044-01L).
Sites visited depends on the weather, accessibility of the sites in case of early snow and the time. Selection of topics (not all sites listed will be visited every year):
1. Biogeochemical processes in rock weathering and the formation of minerals: Gonzen, former iron mine; Alvaneu, sulfur springs. Chemical and microbially mediated transformation of carbonates and gypsum: Albula valley region.
2. Geomicrobiology and hydrogeochemistry in thermal spring (Tamina gorge, Pfäffers) and cold water mineral springs of the Lower Engadin Window: Highly mineralized spring water emerging from low grade metamorphic rocks (Bündner shist) by ion exchange processes and release of rock interstitial fluids.
3. Geochemical nutrient sequestration in high mountain lakes and in snow and ice: Joeri lake area (Silvretta gneiss).
4. Coupled processes in biogeochemical iron, manganese and phosphorus cycling: Jöri lake XIII.
5. Primary processes in soil and peat formation (inorganic to organic transition, carbon sequestration) and colonization: Glacial retreat flood plains, early vegetation on delta and moraine soils.
6. Life styles under extreme conditions: Microorganisms and small invertebrates in ice (Cryoconite holes), snow and highly mineralized spring water.
7. Formation and weathering of serpentinite (Totalp) and effects on soil formation and on vegetation.
8. Economic aspects of geohydrology: mineral water market and wellness tourism.
Lecture notesThe new field guides and details about the course logistics will become available on OLAT in January via Details under Link
Instructions will be sent during the spring semester to participants who are enrolled for this course in "MyStudies".
LiteratureLecture slides and literature references are available on the corresponding OLAT site: Details under Link
Prerequisites / NoticeSites and course contents can vary from year to year depending on interest, accessibility and weather conditions.
Field-work can last up to 8 hours daily and will take place at altitudes up to 3000m. This requires endurance and a certain physical fitness. Participants need to be prepared.
Target Groups: Field course and lab module for the upper level Bachelor curriculum and for Master students.

This field course is coupled to the lab practical "651-4044-01 P Geomicrobiology and Biogeochemistry Lab Practical", when samples collected during the field work will be analyzed. Students who sign up for both, the field and the lab component, have priority. It is possible, however, to participate at the field section only.
The lecture courses "651-4004-00L Organic Geochemistry and the Global Carbon Cycle" and "651-4044-00L Geomicrobiology and Biogeochemistry" are good preparations for the combined Field-Lab Course. Taking one of them is a mandatory prerequisite for participation in the Lab-module, not so, however, but recommended for optimally profiting from the field course.
651-4004-00LOrganic Geochemistry and the Global Carbon CycleW+3 credits2GT. I. Eglinton, M. Lupker
AbstractThe carbon cycle connects different reservoirs of C, including life on Earth, atmospheric CO2, and economically important geological reserves of C. Much of this C is in reduced (organic) form, and is composed of complex chemical structures that reflect diverse biological activity, processes and transformations.
ObjectiveA wealth of information is held within the complex organic molecules, both in the context of the contemporary carbon cycle and its links to is other biogeochemical cycles, as well as in relation to Earth's history, the evolution of life and climate on this planet.

In this course we will learn about the role of reduced forms of carbon in the global cycle, how these forms of carbon are produced, move around the planet, and become sequestered in the geological record, and how they can be used to infer biological activity and conditions on this planet in the geologic past. The course encompasses a range of spatial and temporal scales, from molecular to global, and from the contemporary environment to earliest life.
Prerequisites / NoticeThis course and the lecture course "651-4044-00L Geomicrobiology and Biogeochemistry" Link are good preparations for the combined Field-Lab Course ("651-4044-02 P Geomicrobiology and Biogeochemistry Field Course" and "651-4044-01 P Geomicrobiology and Biogeochemistry Lab Practical"). Details under Link
651-4054-00LMicropalaeontologyW3 credits2GR. Schiebel
AbstractGeneral introduction to the various groups of microfossils, their morphology, taxonomy, biology, ecology, and application in such fields as biostratigraphy, palaeoecology, palaeoceanography, and the solution of other geological problems. Practical exercises and demonstrations of material will involve the examination of picked and strew-mounted microscope slides.
ObjectiveAt the end of the module you will be able to:
1. Assign a microfossil to its major taxonomic group (e.g. foraminifer, ostracod, dinoflagellate, palynomorph, etc.).
2. Be aware of, and to recognise, the main morphological and compositional features which allow assignation of an individual fossil to each group.
3. Draw basic stratigraphic conclusions about microfossil assemblages (e.g. age of rock unit, correlations, etc.)
4. Deduce paleoecological and/or paleoceanographic interpretations from different assemblages of microfossils.
5. Understand the applicability of particular microfossil groups to particular lithologies and particular geological time periods.
6. Determine which microfossil groups are most applicable to the solution of a variety of particular geological problems.
ContentLectures will introduce the various microfossil groups and detail their utility as important indicators of past environments by examining the ecology of living microplankton taxa and extrapolating this to the fossil record (paleoecology, paleoceanography). The applicability of different microfossil groups in providing both relative timescales (through zonal schemes) and biostratigraphic correlation will be detailed, as will the role of certain microfossils in understanding evolutionary processes. Microplankton as agents of global environmental change will also be investigated, especially with regard to fluxes of CaCO3 and C and hence to CO2 in the atmosphere. The microfossil groups which will be studied in the above context are those which form mineralised skeletons (calcareous, siliceous, phosphatic) and the organic-walled microfossils (known as palynomorphs).
LiteratureARMSTRONG, H.A. & BRASIER, M.D. (2005). Microfossils - Second Edition. 296 p., Blackwell Publishing Ltd. (new edition of the Brasier 1980 book below)

BIGNOT, G. (1985). Elements of micropalaeontology. Graham & Trotman, London. (generally good, all round text, quite adequate as an introduction to many groups)

BRASIER, M.D. (1980). Microfossils. George Allen & Unwin. (First Edition, rather dated and some chapters are very poor)

HAQ, B.U. & BOERSMA, A. (1998). Introduction to marine micropalaeontology. Elsevier, Amsterdam. (also the earlier 1978 version which is a little dated, but good for certain chapters such as radiolaria, which are less well covered in other texts)

JANSONIUS, J. & McGREGOR, D.C. (eds.) (1996). Palynology: principles & applications. 3 volumes. AASP Foundation, Austin, TX. (The most comprehensive palynological text: at 1330 pages you'd expect it to be!)

LIPPS, J.H. (ed.) (1992). Fossil prokaryotes and protists. Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford. (esp. dinoflagellates)

TRAVERSE, A. (1988). Paleopalynology. Unwin Hyman, London. (not surprisingly all about palynology, exhaustive, but DO NOT read the spore/pollen morphology sections! Second edition publ. in 2007)
Prerequisites / NoticeA general background knowledge of palaeontological methods and principles. No prior knowledge of microfossils is necessary.
651-4056-00LLimnogeologyW3 credits2GA. Gilli, N. Dubois, K. Kremer
AbstractThis course links lakes, their subsurface and their environment. It will be discussed how lake sediments record past environmental changes (e.g. climate, human impact, natural hazards) and how lake sediments can be used to reconstruct these changes. Emphasis is also given on the modern limnologic processes essential in interpreting the fossil record. With 1 or 2-day field course on Lake Lucerne.
ObjectiveStudents are able to
- explain and discuss the role of lake sediments as archives of environmental change.
- plan an own limnogeologic campaign, i.e. finding, recovering, analyzing and interpreting the sedimentary lake archive to solve a particular scientific question.
- examine the complexity of a lake system with all its connection to the environment.
- relate subaerial processes with subaquatic processes.
- identify processes around and in lakes causing natural hazards.
ContentContent of the course:
Introduction - Lakes, the small oceans
History of Limnogeology.
Limnogeologic campaigns
The water column: Aquatic physics (currents, waves, oscillations, etc.).
Sediments caught in the water: sediment traps
Geophysical survey methods (multibeam bathymetry, seismics)
Large open perialpine lakes.
Laminations in lake sediments: Clastic vs. biochemical varves.
Hydrologically closed lake systems
Chronostratigraphic dating of lake sediments
Lake sediments as proxies for climate change
Lake sediments as recorder of anthropogenic impact

The class includes a 1- or 2-day field practica on Lake Lucerne.
Introduction to themes of Lake Lucerne field course.
Limnogeological methods on the lake and in the laboratory: various sampling and surveying techniques (water analysis, seismic surveying, sediment coring, laboratory analyses).
Seismic-to-core correlation and interpretation
Lecture notesWill be distributed in each class unit.
LiteratureWill be distributed in each class unit.
Prerequisites / NoticeCredit points and grade will be given based on a written report about the field course.
651-4226-00LGeochemical and Isotopic Tracers of the Earth SystemW+3 credits2VD. Vance
AbstractThis unit discusses the geochemical approaches used to understand the dynamics of the surface Earth, now and in the past. Emphasis is placed on gaining a basic understanding of how the tracers work, e.g. on the modern Earth. Case studies will be used to appreciate what we can learn about the past, in particular the major changes that the surface Earth system has undergone over Earth history.
ObjectiveThis unit is designed with the particular aim of providing a firm grounding in the geochemical methods used to observe and trace the Earth System, now and in the past. The approach in lectures will be the pursuit of a sound understanding of the controlling physical and chemical factors of each method, to encourage students to think about their application and interpretation from first principles. Exercises will provide an opportunity to analyse real data, to understand their meaning, and to quantitatively interpret them in the context of simple box models.
ContentMost of the important geochemical and isotopic methods used to study the surface Earth will be covered, including: tracing the hydrological cycle using stable isotopes , geochemical and isotopic tracing of the carbon cycle, the chemistry of aerosols in the atmosphere, using boron isotopes to understand the oceanic carbonate system, using radiogenic isotopes as surface Earth tracers (including U-series, Sr-Nd-Pb etc), the silica cycle at the surface Earth (including silicon isotopes), trace metals and their isotopes (focusing on surface Earth redox).

Real data will be woven through all of these but case studies using geochemical data will come from e.g. the
Quaternary (ice cores, ocean sediments and speleothems), the history of Cenozoic CO2 , Mesozoic OAEs, the early oxygenation of the Earth.
Lecture notesSlides of lectures will be available.
Open Choice Modules
Quaternary Geology and Geomorphology
NumberTitleTypeECTSHoursLecturers
651-4902-00LQuaternary Geology and Geomorphology of the AlpsW3 credits2VS. Ivy Ochs, U. H. Fischer, K. Hippe
AbstractAfter a brief introduction to the scientific principles of glaciology, we survey the present state of knowledge on Pleistocene glacial periods and post-glacial landscape modification in the Alps. Emphasis is on understanding modes of formation of landscape elements attributable to glacial, glaciofluvial, periglacial, fluvial, hillslope, and mass wasting processes.
ObjectiveThrough a combination of lectures, classroom practical exercises, and field mapping of Quaternary landforms, an intuitive understanding of the formation and evolution of the landscape of the Alps and the forelands will be built up.
We focus on development of the following skills: landform recognition on remote imagery and in the field; depositional process identification based on sediment characterization; reconstruction of valley-scale geomorphological evolutionary sequences.
ContentThe following topics will be covered: glacier mass and energy balance; glacier motion; glacier hydrology; glacial erosion; glacial sediment balance; piedmont and valley glacier landsystems; till formation; glaciofluvial sediments; alluvial and debris-flow fan processes; Alpine rock slope failure landform/sediment associations; Alpine Quaternary stratigraphy; long-term uplift and denudation of the Alps.
Lecture notesSlides from the lectures will be made available.
LiteratureLists of key scientific articles will be given for each topic.
Relevant scientific articles will be distributed during the course.
Prerequisites / NoticeRequired attendance at lectures and excurisions (several 1-day excursions during the semester and one 3-day field mapping session during the summer).
Grading will be a combination of classroom participation, student presentations, practical exercises, field reports, and field maps from the excursions.
651-4134-00LTectonic GeomorphologyW6 credits2V + 6PS. F. Gallen, V. Picotti
AbstractCourse covers the theory and applications of tectonic geomorphology. Topics include the landscape response to an earthquake, use of fluvial terraces and other geomorphic markers to map uplift, methods of dating surfaces and landscapes, topographic evolution over active structures and landscape evolution of active mountain ranges. Methods include field mapping, DEM analysis and computer modeling.
ObjectiveTo learn theoretical and practical aspects of modern tectonic geomorphology. Field course, classroom and computer-based analysis will be combined to provide hands-on experience with geomorphic data, analysis and modeling techniques. We will work as a group to address the practical questions regarding evidence for recent deformation of the northern Apennines as an integrated field and modeling study. We will learn to use a variety of geomorphic and tectonic data to map uplift rates and patterns and use this to infer subsurface faulting kinematics.
ContentCourse includes a lecture component (in second half-semester) and a 9 day fieldtrip. Students should register for both components. Fieldtrip will involve collecting field data from active structures in the Northern Apennines. Lecture component will include theoretical background and analysis of data collected during fieldtrip.
LiteratureRequired Textbook: Tectonic Geomorphology, Burbank and Anderson, Blackwell.
Prerequisites / NoticeStudents should register for both lecture and field components (blockcourse). They will be graded together. Fieldtrip will be held during 1 week of the semester, typically in early May.
651-1513-00LField Studies on High Mountain Processes (Universität Zürich)
No enrolment to this course at ETH Zurich. Book the corresponding module directly at UZH.
UZH Module Code: GEO411

Mind the enrolment deadlines at UZH:
Link
W6 credits2S + 4PUniversity lecturers
AbstractGeomorphological airphoto interpretation, estimating permafrost distribution patterns, reconstruction of late Pleistocene glaciers, mapping/parameterization of torrents and debris flows, geotope assessments, geophysical soundings (hammer-refraction seismics, geoelectrical D.C. resistivity, radio-echo sounding)
ObjectiveVertiefung des geomorphologischen Grundlagenwissens, Erweiterung des Methodenspektrums, praktisches Arbeiten an ausgewählten Themen und Aufgaben, Einsatz von verschiedenen Feldgeräten, Behandlung praxisrelevanter Fragestellungen.
Lecture noteswritten lecture notes (in German) relating to the individual exercises
Literatureprovided in lecture notes
Prerequisites / NoticeModule GEO 121
Basin Analysis
NumberTitleTypeECTSHoursLecturers
651-4134-00LTectonic GeomorphologyW6 credits2V + 6PS. F. Gallen, V. Picotti
AbstractCourse covers the theory and applications of tectonic geomorphology. Topics include the landscape response to an earthquake, use of fluvial terraces and other geomorphic markers to map uplift, methods of dating surfaces and landscapes, topographic evolution over active structures and landscape evolution of active mountain ranges. Methods include field mapping, DEM analysis and computer modeling.
ObjectiveTo learn theoretical and practical aspects of modern tectonic geomorphology. Field course, classroom and computer-based analysis will be combined to provide hands-on experience with geomorphic data, analysis and modeling techniques. We will work as a group to address the practical questions regarding evidence for recent deformation of the northern Apennines as an integrated field and modeling study. We will learn to use a variety of geomorphic and tectonic data to map uplift rates and patterns and use this to infer subsurface faulting kinematics.
ContentCourse includes a lecture component (in second half-semester) and a 9 day fieldtrip. Students should register for both components. Fieldtrip will involve collecting field data from active structures in the Northern Apennines. Lecture component will include theoretical background and analysis of data collected during fieldtrip.
LiteratureRequired Textbook: Tectonic Geomorphology, Burbank and Anderson, Blackwell.
Prerequisites / NoticeStudents should register for both lecture and field components (blockcourse). They will be graded together. Fieldtrip will be held during 1 week of the semester, typically in early May.
651-4002-00LStratigraphy and TimeW3 credits2GA. Gilli, P. Brack, H. Bucher, I. Hajdas, K. Hippe, A. M. Hirt, S. Ivy Ochs
AbstractAnalytical methods and concepts for the construction of a geochronological framework, including processes and geological rates.
ObjectiveThe course discusses methodologies for the construction of geochronological timescales, but goes beyound applied chronometry by advancing the understanding of types and rates of geological processes, the causes of contiguous and disjunct stratigraphies, placing of discrete events in temporal order.
ContentAnalytical methods and concepts for the construction of a geochronological framework (Global Standard Section and Point, GSSP), including biostratigraphy, eustatic sea-level variations, radioisotopic dating, cosmogenic isotopes, stable isotope and geochemical correlation, paleomagnetic stratigraphy, and carbon isotope dating.
Lecture notesHandouts
LiteratureDoyle, P. & Bennett, M.R. Editors (1998). Unlocking the stratigraphical record-advances in modern stratigraphy, John Wiley & Sons, 532 p. (useful introduction)
Ogg, J.G., Ogg, G., Gradstein, F.M. 2008. The concise geologic time scale. Cambridge University Press. 177 p. (newest geol. time scale)
Prerequisites / NoticeThe course is taught by a series of specialists on the different topics.
651-4018-00LBorehole GeophysicsW3 credits3GV. Gischig, H. Maurer
AbstractThis introductory course on borehole geophysical methods covers the application of borehole logging and borehole-borehole and borehole-surface seismic, and radar imaging to rock mass and reservoir characterization. The principles of operation of various logging sondes will be covered as well as their application. The emphasis is on geotechnical rather than oil and gas well reservoir engineering.
ObjectiveThe course will introduce students to modern borehole logging techniques with the emphasis on geotechnical rather than oil and gas well reservoir engineering. Although the principles of operation of the various sondes will be covered, the primary focus will be on application. For a given problem in a given environment, the students should be able to design a logging program that will furnish the requisite information. They will also be able to extract information on rock mass/reservoir properties by combining curves from a suite of logs. The students will also learn about surface-to-borehole and borehole-to-borehole seismic methods for rock mass characterisation. This will include VSP and tomography.
Content- General introduction to geophysical logging

- Discussion of various logging types including
- Caliper logs
- Televiewer logs
- Flowmeter and temperature logs
- Resistivity logs
- Nuclear logs
- Sonic logs

- Suface-to-borehole and borehole-to-borehole methods
- Instrumentation
- Vertical seismic profiling
- Crosshole tomography
- Applications
Lecture notesA pdf copy of the lecture will be posted on the course website no later than the day before each class.
LiteratureWell logging for physical properties (A handbook for Geophysicists, Geologists and Engineers), 2nd Edition, Hearst, J.R., Nelson, P.H. and F.L. Paillet, John Wiley and Son, 2001. - Out of print.

Well logging for Earth Scientists, Ellis, D.V. and J.M. Singer, 2nd Edition, Springer, 2007. In print - cost Euro 33.
651-4232-00LLow Temperature ThermochronologyW3 credits2GM. G. Fellin, I. Coutand, S. Willett
AbstractThis course presents the basic theory, methods and applications of low temperature thermochronometry, which is a fundamental tool used to study shallow crustal and earth-surface processes like burial and exhumation in orogenic belts and sedimentary basins.
ObjectiveThe objective of this course is to familiarize students with the use of thermochronometry as a tool to study shallow crustal and earth-surface processes such as burial and exhumation, brittle deformation and landform evolution.
ContentThis course presents the basic theory, methods and applications of low temperature thermochronometry. Methods covered include fission track dating, (U-Th)/He dating, and Argon dating. Theoretical aspects of track annealing, diffusion and closure of leaky systems are covered. Course includes laboratory exercises. Applications and modeling studies are presented and discussed based on select case studies.
Geomagnetics
NumberTitleTypeECTSHoursLecturers
651-4105-00LPalaeomagnetismW+3 credits2GA. M. Hirt
AbstractThe course will cover geometry of the Earth’s magnetic field at present and in the geologic past, field and laboratory methods, and analysis of paleomagnetic data. Applications of paleomagnetic data will be examined, such as magnetostratigraphy, magnetic anisotropy or how paleomagnetic data can be used in geodynamics or tectonic studies.
ObjectiveTo gain and understanding of how paleomagnetism can be used in study of the Earth
Content1. Earth's magnetic field
2. Magnetic mineralogy
3. Types of remanence
4. Paleomagnetic sampling and tests of stability
5. Analysis of remanent magnetization
6. Statistical analysis of paleomagnetic directions
7. Special topics
Lecture notesAvailable over cifex during the semester
651-3440-02LGeomagnetismW+3 credits2GA. Jackson
AbstractTreatment of fundamental aspects of geophysics in the area of geomagnetism: methods and applications. We will explore the mechanisms by which the geomegnetic field is created, how geomagnetic measurements can be used on small and regional scales to discover sub-surface properties of the crust, and how palaeomagnetism tells us about the hiistory of the Earth.
ObjectiveOur objectives are to learn fundamental theories and techniques relevant to the geomagnetic field, but also to put them into practice in a quantitative way. We will learn to use mathematical techniques make quantitative estimates of geophysical phenomena. The examination will require the implementation of mathematics to solve questions in the sphere of geomagentism.
ContentGeomagnetism: geomagnetic fields of external and internal origin, dipole and non-dipole fields, diurnal variation, magnetic prospecting, magnetic anomalies. Rock magnetism, remanent magnetizations. Paleomagnetism: sample treatment, secular variation, geocentric axial dipole field, apparent polar wander curves, polarity reversals, magnetic stratigraphy.
Lecture notesScript will be distributed.
LiteraturePrimary Text:
W. Lowrie: Fundamentals of Geophysics, Cambridge University Press 1997 (1st Edition) or 2007 (2nd Edition)
Secondary Texts:
C. M. R. Fowler: The Solid Earth - An Introduction to Global Geophysics, Cambridge University Press, 1990.
F. D. Stacey and P. M. Davis: Physics of the Earth, Cambridge Uniiversity Press 2008.
Prerequisites / NoticePrerequisite: The Dynamic Earth I or an equivalent course.
Shallow Earth Geophysics
NumberTitleTypeECTSHoursLecturers
651-4106-03LGeophysical Field Work and Processing: Preparation and Field WorkW+7 credits3V + 11PC. Schmelzbach, A. Geiger, S. Guillaume, H. E. Horstmeyer, H. Maurer, P. Nagy, L. Rabenstein
AbstractPlanning and conduction of a two-week field work in small groups (4-5 people). Use of a range of geophysical methods. Processing and interpretation of the data. Writing of a scientific field report. Survey targets are usually near-surface objects as internal structures of landslides, aquifers or archaeological excavations.
ObjectiveStudents should be proficients in designing an appropriate survey for the target of investigation, collect data, process these with state-of-the-art software, analyze the results and compile a report according to commercial and scientific standards.
Content- Planning and design of a comprehensive geophysical survey
- Data acquisition
- Data processing / inversion
- Interpretation of the results
- Writing of a report
Lecture notesA cookbook covering all methods of the field course, will be handed out to each group at the beginning of the field wwork in June.
Prerequisites / NoticeA "pass" (Swiss grade 4.0 or higher) in the written examination of 651-4104-00 V Geophysical Fieldwork and Processing: Methods, is an absolute REQUIREMENT to participate in this course
651-4018-00LBorehole GeophysicsW+3 credits3GV. Gischig, H. Maurer
AbstractThis introductory course on borehole geophysical methods covers the application of borehole logging and borehole-borehole and borehole-surface seismic, and radar imaging to rock mass and reservoir characterization. The principles of operation of various logging sondes will be covered as well as their application. The emphasis is on geotechnical rather than oil and gas well reservoir engineering.
ObjectiveThe course will introduce students to modern borehole logging techniques with the emphasis on geotechnical rather than oil and gas well reservoir engineering. Although the principles of operation of the various sondes will be covered, the primary focus will be on application. For a given problem in a given environment, the students should be able to design a logging program that will furnish the requisite information. They will also be able to extract information on rock mass/reservoir properties by combining curves from a suite of logs. The students will also learn about surface-to-borehole and borehole-to-borehole seismic methods for rock mass characterisation. This will include VSP and tomography.
Content- General introduction to geophysical logging

- Discussion of various logging types including
- Caliper logs
- Televiewer logs
- Flowmeter and temperature logs
- Resistivity logs
- Nuclear logs
- Sonic logs

- Suface-to-borehole and borehole-to-borehole methods
- Instrumentation
- Vertical seismic profiling
- Crosshole tomography
- Applications
Lecture notesA pdf copy of the lecture will be posted on the course website no later than the day before each class.
LiteratureWell logging for physical properties (A handbook for Geophysicists, Geologists and Engineers), 2nd Edition, Hearst, J.R., Nelson, P.H. and F.L. Paillet, John Wiley and Son, 2001. - Out of print.

Well logging for Earth Scientists, Ellis, D.V. and J.M. Singer, 2nd Edition, Springer, 2007. In print - cost Euro 33.
Lithosphere Structure and Tectonics
NumberTitleTypeECTSHoursLecturers
651-4012-00LCrustal SeismologyW+3 credits2GE. Kissling, T. Diehl
AbstractThe structure of Earth's crust can be imaged by various seismological methods. Among these, controlled source seismology and local earthquake tomography are the most widely used. The course will discuss the strengths and weaknesses of each method to image the crustal structure and how both methods can be combined to derive crustal models.
ObjectiveUnderstand the strengths and weaknesses of controlled source seismology methods and local earthquake tomography to image the structure of Earth's crust.
651-4096-00LInverse Theory for Geophysics I: BasicsW+3 credits2VH. Maurer, A. Fichtner
AbstractThis course provides an introduction to inversion theory. The focus is rather on the basic principles and applications than on rigorous mathematical proofs. Prerequisites for this course include (i) basic knowledge of analysis and linear algebra and (ii) knowledge of Matlab (required for the exercises).
ObjectiveAfter this course the students should have a good grasp of geophysical inversion problems. In particular, they should be familiar with linear and non-linear inversion techniques. Most importantly, they should be aware of potential pitfalls and limitations of the methods.
ContentDuring this course, the following topics are covered:

- Introduction to geophysical inversion
- Matrix inversion techniques
- Linear inversion problems
- Non-linear inversion problems
- Probabilistic inversion approaches
- Global optimizers

Most of these modules are accompanied by exercises
Lecture notesPresentation slides and some background material will be provided.
Prerequisites / NoticeThis course is offered as a half-semester course during the first part of the semester
Earthquake Seismology
Courses take place in autumn semester.
Glaciology and Geomorphodynamics
NumberTitleTypeECTSHoursLecturers
651-1506-00LThe High-Mountain Cryosphere: Processes and Risks (University of Zurich)
No enrolment to this course at ETH Zurich. Book the corresponding module directly at UZH.
UZH Module Code: GEO856

Mind the enrolment deadlines at UZH:
Link
W3 credits2GUniversity lecturers
AbstractPart I: Hazards in glacierized high-mountain regions
Hazard assessments in cold high-mountain areas with respect to glaciers and permafrost.

Part II: Paleoglaciology
Ice-related aspects of the recent earth and climate history (Ice Age, Holocene, 20. century): reconstruction/modeling of past glaciers/ice sheets and interpretation of information from ice cores.
ObjectivePart I: Hazards in glacierized high-mountain regions
Knowledge about integrative hazard assessment techniques in high-mountain areas under conditions of climate change.

Part II: Paleoglaciology
Understanding of the role of glaciers and ice sheets in the climate system through time since the last Ice Age; knowledge of corresponding reconstruction techniques and of the glaciological basis for ice core interpretation.
ContentPart I: Natural hazards in glacierised mountain regions
- Introduction and instruction e-learning, Hazard/risk concepts
- Introduction to Part II, Paleoglaciology
- e-learning glacier floods and ice avalanches
- Comments on glacier floods, Comments on ice avalanches, climate-induced glacier changes
- Recent case studies
- Application of remote sensing, Principles and applications of numerical mass movement models
- Glacier-clad volcanoes
- Feedbacks on exercises and test

Part II: Paleoglaciology
2-day block course (Friday and Saturday)
Including written test on Paleoglaciology, Subjects include:
- Former glaciers/ice sheets: outlines and geometry
- Former glaciers/ice sheets: flow, mass turnover, temperature, etc.
- Former glaciers/ice sheets: changes in time
- Ice cores: archive (embedding) characteristics
- Ice cores: Information carriers, polar und alpine examples
- Nuclear waste disposal and ice ages, climate change and sea level
Lecture notesPaleoglaciology (about 100p.)
Hazards in glacierized high-mountain regions (about 100p.)

available at the Geography Department, University of Zurich
Literaturerich reference list in lecture notes
Prerequisites / NoticePrecondition
- Getscher und Permafrost (651-4073-00)
651-4090-00LQuantification and Modeling of the Cryosphere: Spatial and Thermal Processes (University of Zurich)
No enrolment to this course at ETH Zurich. Book the corresponding module directly at UZH.
UZH Module Code: GEO814

Mind the enrolment deadlines at UZH:
Link
W3 credits2PUniversity lecturers
Abstract
Objective
ContentDer Kurs ist sehr praktisch ausgelegt und es arbeiten in der Regel zwei Teilnehmer als Team an einem Computer. Für jede Lektion gibt es eine Informationsseite in Internet. Auf diesen Seiten sind die jeweils nötigen Information (Anleitungen, Datenzugang etc.) zugänglich. Zusätzlich sind für jede Stunde drei weitere Dinge
aufgelistet: 1) Voraussetzungen, 2) Vorbereitung und 3) Prüfungsrelevanter Stoff. Unter „Voraussetzungen“ sind Begriffe und Konzepte genannt, deren Verständnis für die Stunde wichtig sind und die als (von anderen Veranstaltungen) bekannt vorausgesetzt werden.
Unter „Vorbereitung“ sind z.B. Publikationen angegeben, die vor der Stunde gelesen werden sollen und Teil des Unterrichts sind. Unter „Prüfungsrelevanter Stoff“ finden Sie eine Liste der Techniken, Methoden und Konzepte, die Sie für die Prüfung beherrschen müssen.
Lecture notesDie Unterlagen sind auf dem Web verfügbar. Der Zugang wird in der Vorlesung bekannt gegeben.
651-4162-00LField Course GlaciologyW3 credits6PA. Bauder
AbstractIntroduction to investigation methods in glaciology with both theory and experimental application. The students design, plan, sample, evaluate and present the results of own individual projects.
Objective- Introduction to measurement techniques in glaciology
- Experience with realisation of measurement and data analysis
- Interpretation and presentation of results
ContentThe course covers methodologies and techniques to analyse physical conditions of glaciers and their evolution. Basic measurement techniques of surveying,drilling as well as working with sensors and data loggers are introduced. Covered fields include topographical setting, mass balance, glacier fluctuations, ice flow and glacier hydrology.
The course starts with an introduction toward the end of the spring semester and is followd by 6 days in september including lectures at ETH and a field work on Rhonegletscher.
Prerequisites / NoticeSome basic knowledge in glaciology e.g. course 651-3561-00L Kryosphäre is recommended.
This field course is organized in collaboration with the University of Hokkaido in Sapporo. Possibility to join three days of excursions to Unterer Grindelwaldgletscher, Jungfraujoch and Gornergletscher.
101-0288-00LSnow and Avalanches: Processes and Risk ManagementW3 credits2GJ. Schweizer, S. L. Margreth
AbstractThe lecture covers snow and avalanche processes in a catchment (starting zone, path and run-out zone) with a particular focus on risk management in the context of natural hazards.
Objective- basics of snow and avalanche mechanics
- methods to model snow and avalanche processes
- interaction of snow and avalanches with structures and forest
- methods of stability evaluation and hazard assessment
- avalanche protection measures in the context of integral risk management
- basics on the design and effectiveness of protection measures
ContentIntroduction, snow precipitation, extreme events, snow loads; snow and snow cover properties; snow-atmosphere interaction; avalanche formation; stability evaluation, avalanche forecasting; avalanche dynamics; avalanche impact on structures; hazard mapping; protection measures (permanent and temporal); integral risk management.
LiteratureArmstrong, R.L. and Brun, E. (Editors), 2008. Snow and Climate - Physical processes, surface energy exchange and modeling. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, U.K., 222 pp.

BUWAL/SLF, 1984. Richtlinien zur Berücksichtigung der Lawinengefahr bei raumwirksamen Tätigkeiten. EDMZ, Bern.

Egli, T., 2005. Wegleitung Objektschutz gegen gravitative Naturgefahren, Vereinigung Kantonaler Feuerversicherungen (Hrsg.), Bern.

Fierz, C., Armstrong, R.L., Durand , Y., Etchevers, P., Greene, E., McClung, D.M., Nishimura, K., Satyawali, P.K. and Sokratov, S.A., 2009. The International Classification for Seasonal Snow on the Ground. HP-VII Technical Documents in Hydrology, 83. UNESCO-IHP, Paris, France, 90 pp.

Furukawa, Y. and Wettlaufer, J.S., 2007. Snow and ice crystals. Physics Today, 60(12): 70-71.

Margreth, S., 2007. Technische Richtlinie für den Lawinenverbau im Anbruchgebiet. Bundesamt für Umwelt, Bern, WSL Eidg. Institut für Schnee- und Lawinenforschung Davos. 134 S.

McClung. D.M. and Schaerer, P. 2006. The Avalanche Handbook, 3rd ed., The Mountaineers, Seattle.

Mears, A.I., 1992. Snow-avalanche hazard analysis for land-use planning and engineering. 49, Colorado Geological Survey.

Schweizer, J., Bartelt, P. and van Herwijnen, A., 2015. Snow avalanches. In: W. Haeberli and C. Whiteman (Editors), Snow and Ice-Related Hazards, Risks and Disasters. Hazards and Disaster Series. Elsevier, pp. 395-436.

Schweizer, J., Jamieson, J.B. and Schneebeli, M., 2003. Snow avalanche formation. Reviews of Geophysics, 41(4): 1016, doi:10.1029/2002RG000123.

Shapiro, L.H., Johnson, J.B., Sturm, M. and Blaisdell, G.L., 1997. Snow mechanics - Review of the state of knowledge and applications. Report 97-3, US Army CRREL, Hanover, NH, U.S.A.
Prerequisites / NoticeFull-day excursion (not mandatory) to Davos, hands-on experience on selected topcis, visit at WSL Institute for Snow and Avalanche Research SLF (early March 2016)
Palaeontology
NumberTitleTypeECTSHoursLecturers
651-4054-00LMicropalaeontologyW+3 credits2GR. Schiebel
AbstractGeneral introduction to the various groups of microfossils, their morphology, taxonomy, biology, ecology, and application in such fields as biostratigraphy, palaeoecology, palaeoceanography, and the solution of other geological problems. Practical exercises and demonstrations of material will involve the examination of picked and strew-mounted microscope slides.
ObjectiveAt the end of the module you will be able to:
1. Assign a microfossil to its major taxonomic group (e.g. foraminifer, ostracod, dinoflagellate, palynomorph, etc.).
2. Be aware of, and to recognise, the main morphological and compositional features which allow assignation of an individual fossil to each group.
3. Draw basic stratigraphic conclusions about microfossil assemblages (e.g. age of rock unit, correlations, etc.)
4. Deduce paleoecological and/or paleoceanographic interpretations from different assemblages of microfossils.
5. Understand the applicability of particular microfossil groups to particular lithologies and particular geological time periods.
6. Determine which microfossil groups are most applicable to the solution of a variety of particular geological problems.
ContentLectures will introduce the various microfossil groups and detail their utility as important indicators of past environments by examining the ecology of living microplankton taxa and extrapolating this to the fossil record (paleoecology, paleoceanography). The applicability of different microfossil groups in providing both relative timescales (through zonal schemes) and biostratigraphic correlation will be detailed, as will the role of certain microfossils in understanding evolutionary processes. Microplankton as agents of global environmental change will also be investigated, especially with regard to fluxes of CaCO3 and C and hence to CO2 in the atmosphere. The microfossil groups which will be studied in the above context are those which form mineralised skeletons (calcareous, siliceous, phosphatic) and the organic-walled microfossils (known as palynomorphs).
LiteratureARMSTRONG, H.A. & BRASIER, M.D. (2005). Microfossils - Second Edition. 296 p., Blackwell Publishing Ltd. (new edition of the Brasier 1980 book below)

BIGNOT, G. (1985). Elements of micropalaeontology. Graham & Trotman, London. (generally good, all round text, quite adequate as an introduction to many groups)

BRASIER, M.D. (1980). Microfossils. George Allen & Unwin. (First Edition, rather dated and some chapters are very poor)

HAQ, B.U. & BOERSMA, A. (1998). Introduction to marine micropalaeontology. Elsevier, Amsterdam. (also the earlier 1978 version which is a little dated, but good for certain chapters such as radiolaria, which are less well covered in other texts)

JANSONIUS, J. & McGREGOR, D.C. (eds.) (1996). Palynology: principles & applications. 3 volumes. AASP Foundation, Austin, TX. (The most comprehensive palynological text: at 1330 pages you'd expect it to be!)

LIPPS, J.H. (ed.) (1992). Fossil prokaryotes and protists. Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford. (esp. dinoflagellates)

TRAVERSE, A. (1988). Paleopalynology. Unwin Hyman, London. (not surprisingly all about palynology, exhaustive, but DO NOT read the spore/pollen morphology sections! Second edition publ. in 2007)
Prerequisites / NoticeA general background knowledge of palaeontological methods and principles. No prior knowledge of microfossils is necessary.
Remote Sensing
NumberTitleTypeECTSHoursLecturers
651-2332-00LSpecializing in Remote Sensing A: Seminars (University of Zurich)
No enrolment to this course at ETH Zurich. Book the corresponding module directly at UZH.
UZH Module Code: GEO441

Mind the enrolment deadlines at UZH:
Link
W6 credits1S + 2KUniversity lecturers
Abstract
Objective
Modules from the Geology Major
» Choice from Geology restricted Modules
Modules from the Engineering Geology Major
» Choice from Engineering Geology Required Modules
Modules from the Geophysics Major
» Choice from Geophysics Required Modules
Modules from the Mineralogy & Geochemistry Major
» Choice from the Mineralogy & Geochemistry Restricted Choice Modules
Major in Engineering Geology
Compulsory Modules Engineering Geology
Engineering Geology Fundamentals
Courses for this Module take place in autumn semester.
Engineering Geology Methods
NumberTitleTypeECTSHoursLecturers
651-4061-00LHydrogeological Field Course Restricted registration - show details
Number of participants limited to 15.

Prerequisite: Grundwasser I (102-0455-01L)
W+3 credits7PM. Klepikova, H. R. Fisch, S. G. Reinhardt Hauser
AbstractThe course covered a variety of hydrogeological investigation methods with both theory and application at an experimental site in unconsolidated sediments and fractured rock. Included were aquifer well tests and estimation of natural hydraulic heads. The students had to sample, display, evaluate and assess own data and write a report.
Objective- To be able to choose an appropriate (goal, hydrogeological environment, logistic boundary conditions) investigation method and plan experiments accordingly.
- To acquire own experiences in handling typical instruments, e.g. pump, pressure transmitter, data logger, inductive flowmeter, etc.
- To understand the theoretical background of important hydrogeological field investigation methods.
- To master typical data presentation and evaluation methods, e.g. diagnostic plots, type curve fitting etc.).
- To be able to assess the quality and importance of the achieved results in view of theoretical and practical limitations.
ContentCovered methods are
- Aquifer and well tests (constant pressure, constant flow, step pumping tests, drawdown and build-up, single hole and crosshole, double packer and open hole),
- Slug & bail tests (pneumatic and bailer techniques, double packer intervals and open hole).
- Hydraulic head profiling (natural conditions)
- Tracer tests.
Lecture notesA script will be provided for download as pdf.
LiteraturePlease visit the course homepage (Main Link).
Prerequisites / NoticePrerequisite course 102-0455-01L Grundwasser I
Schedule: The course will take place in Mels (SG) and in Thur (Widen).
651-4064-00LEngineering Geological Field Course I (Soils) Restricted registration - show details
Only for Earth Sciences MSc and Environmental Engineering MSc.

Number of participants limited to 20.
W+3 credits6PK. Thuro, K. Leith
AbstractApplication of geotechnical soil classification techniques in outcrops and core samples, including geomorphological and geological field mapping. Imparts knowledge for an understanding of Quarternary processes and their consequences on building (under)ground.
Supplements lectures in soil mechanics and geological site investigation techniques.
Objectivea) Students are able to perform a geotechnical characterization of soils according to international standards.
b) Students are able to identify different types of soils in samples and in the field. They can interprete geological origin, formation and history of different soil types.
c) Students are able to recognize geomorphological structures in the field and analyze their geological formation.
d) Students can present their research results in an appropriate way (written and oral).
ContentThe course starts with an introduction lecture on soil classification (USCS and Swiss standards), field testing and sampling techniques, borehole logging, mapping techniques and Quaternary geology of Zurich. The main part is an extensive field course which includes a quarry mapping exercise, borhole logging and field maping by geomorphlogical features. Student teams get a mandate for geotechnical investigations on a certain question and have to write a report about their findings. Teaching in the field will primarily consist in guiding the students in their mapping work. Subsequently, the field and laboratory data is analyzed by the students.
Lecture notesCourse notes and field manual. All documents will be made available from the web.
LiteratureCRAIG, R.F. (1997): Soil Mechanics. - 485 p., 6th ed.,London, New York (E. & F.N.Spon).
LANG, H.-J., HUDER, J. & AMMAN, P. (2003): Bodenmechanik und Grundbau. Das Verhalten von Böden und die wichtigsten grundbaulichen Konzepte. - 317 p., 7.Aufl., Berlin (Springer).
Prerequisites / NoticeOther necessary equipment or material:
Geological field equipment: Geologic compass, GPS receiver, soil hammer, field notebook (water resistant), field bag, coloured pencils, felt tipped pens (permanent), hand lens, straight edge (scale), meter, tri-angle, tracing paper, hydrochloric acid (in small bottle), string, computer notebook for report preparation
651-4066-00LEngineering Geological Field Course II (Rocks) Information Restricted registration - show details
Only for Earth Sciences MSc.

Number of participants limited to 15.
W+3 credits6PM. Ziegler, A. Manconi
AbstractThis course focuses on characterizing and classifying the rock mass in the field as done in preliminary and advanced stages of site assessment.
ObjectiveThe objective of this course are to provide the student the necessary skills to carry out a field mapping investigation for assessing the rock mass conditions, focusing on quantifying geologic elements that have a primary influence on the project at hand, and interpreting the acquired data in developing a geomechanical site model.
ContentThis course covers methodologies and techniques to characterize and classify rock masses in the perspective of specific engineering objectives. This includes field characterization of intact rock types and properties (lithology, rock and rock mass strength, degree of weathering, etc.) quantifying their associated discontinuity networks, characterization of fault systems; mapping fault structures in terms of their engineering relevance, the use of geomorphology in engineering geology field investigations.

The integration and correlation of data acquired from different mapping techniques and areas (aerial/terrestrial photograph interpretation, surface outcrop mapping, underground outcrop mapping, core logging) is also part of this course. Relevant software programs will be introduced during the course and applied by the students.

Finally, the creation of a geomechanical model(s) of the investigated site(s) is carried out. This model will be built in the form of a map and relevant cross sections, where the study area is subdivided into zones characterized by geomechanical properties of significance for the engineering problem. All structural and geomorphologic features of interest will be reported on this map in combination with relevant geomechanical and hydrological information.
Lecture notesDetails on the course program will be made availbale here: Link
(-> Master of Science -> Spring Semester -> Engineering Geology Field Course II)
Engineering Geology Integration
NumberTitleTypeECTSHoursLecturers
651-4070-00LLandslide Analysis Restricted registration - show details
Number of participants limited to 18.
W+5 credits3GS. Löw, A. Wolter
AbstractThis course is about the analysis of landslide phenomena, mechanisms, stability and hazard mitigation. The course is focussed on case studies covering major landslide types in the Alps (rock fall, shallow soil slides, rock slides and topples, and deep seated landslides). The course makes use of a new blended e-learning environment and includes compulsory field trips to the study sites.
ObjectiveThe overall aim of the course is to prepare students for dealing with real-world landslide and slope stability problems. Students will gain knowledge and application experience in the field recognition, mapping and monitoring of landslides, the appropriate use of slope stability analysis methods, and the writing of landslide investigation reports. With this experience students may enter the professional workplace or research environment with modern skills and the confidence to tackle similar problems alone.
ContentThe major types of landslides are introduced in face-to-face lectures. For every landslide type a case study is introduced which illustrates typical tasks and approaches of professionals working in the field of landslide hazard analysis and mitigation. All case studies include field visits focussing on geological conditions, morphological features, geotechnical properties and field measurements. In the lab we discuss appropriate geological and kinematic models, triggers, stability, failure processes and mitigation mechanisms. The results of the case studies are documented in reports which are the basis for the course evaluation.
Lecture notesThe course includes self study of landslide fundamentals supported by web-based e-learning materials, and audio-supported power-point-lectures. The case study analyses are supported by field handbooks, field data and analysis programs.
LiteratureSidle, R.C. & Ochiai H. 2006: Landslides, Processes, Prediction and Land use. AGU Books, Water Resources Monograph 18
Transportation Research Board 1996: Landslides, Investigation and Mitigation. Special Report 247. Turner A.K. & Schuster R.L. eds. National Academic Press Washington D.C.
Prerequisites / NoticeExcursions are an integral part of this course. In 2016 they are scheduled for: March 3, April 2, April 28 (and 29, optional).
651-4072-00LEngineering Geology of Underground Excavations Information Restricted registration - show details
Number of participants limited to 18.
W+5 credits3GS. Löw, M. Perras
AbstractThis course deals with the geological activities related to underground excavations (field investigations, route selection, geological models and hazards, geotechnical properties, rock mass behavior, groundwater & environmental impacts). The course focuses on problem solving skills (trained in a Lötschberg Base Tunnel case study, including report writing).
ObjectiveIn this course the student shall become familiar with the most important tasks an engineering geologist has to carry out in the context of planning and building an underground excavation or tunnel. The student will learn how to integrate the knowledge gained during the fundamental and methods courses for the design of underground constructions in various project phases (including report writing).
ContentMajor Tasks of Engineering Geologist in Underground Constructions, Project Phases and Logistic Constraints of Various Types Underground Constructions, Ground Behaviour in Underground Constructions (Rock and Soil), Groundwater and Environmental Impacts of Underground Constructions; Exploration Methods. Case Study Lötschberg Base Tunnel.
Lecture notesA script is available in the form of a few review publications.
LiteratureRichard Goodman 1993: Engineering Geology, Rock in Engineering Construction, John Whiley and Sons.
Evert Hoek 2007: Practical Rock Engineering, Course Notes, Link
Prerequisites / NoticeThe Lötschberg Case Study forms a key component of this integration course. Students will learn (1) how to carry out preliminary investigations related to tunnel design, (2) how to select the tunnel route, (3) how the describe the geotechnical and hydrogeological conditions, (4) how to qualitatively and quantitatively assess geological hazards, rock mass behavior and environmental impacts, and (5) how write geological, geotechnical and hydrogeological reports. A day field trip to the study area (March 15) and a tunneling site (May 19) is included in the course.
651-4276-00LAlpine Engineering Geological Excursions
Selection of Engineering Geology as MSc Major

Number of participants limited to 20.
W+1 credit2PS. Löw, A. Wolter
AbstractThis course includes 4 days of specialized engineering geologic excursions that are offered by the chair of engineering geology. Topics include visits to landslides and to ongoing construction and research sites (landslides, tunnels, hydropower systems, foundations, roads, waste disposal sites) in the Swiss and Italian Alps.
ObjectiveIncrease the amount of field exposure and field experience in alpine engineering geology.
Prerequisites / NoticeOnly new excursions can be selected, that have not been taken in previous study years, or that are not included as compulsory excursions in other selected courses.
In 2016 the following excursions are planned :
Campo Vallemaggia (29.4 mainly for 1st year MSc students)
Flims-Albula-Lago Bianco-Valtellina (22.-24.6. mainly for second year MSc students)
651-4074-00LLandfills and Deep Geological Disposal of Radioactive Waste Restricted registration - show details
Number of participants limited to 18.
W+3 credits3GA. Gautschi, P. Huggenberger
AbstractThis course focuses on the integration of geo-scientific and technical knowledge for the assessment of long-term safety and engineering feasibility of shallow and deep repositories for hazardous and radioactive wastes and for the clean-up of contaminated sites.
ObjectiveThe students learn about the requirements for safe storage/disposal of different types of waste that. They learn that - according to the different chemical and physical properties - there are different requirements for the performance of the waste, engineered and geological barriers. They learn the criteria that are necessary in landfill planning, site evaluation and/or characterization projects or when they are involved in a critical review of a proposed project. The students understand that waste disposal in landfills and in deep geological repositories are interdisciplinary projects and that it implies a high degree of interdisciplinary communication between earth scientists (all sub-disciplines, e.g. mineralogy, sedimentology, rock mechanics, hydrogeology, geophysics, geochemistry), engineers and safety assessment modellers.
The students understand that there may be interactions between the repository components (waste and engineered barriers) and host rock, and, in the case of landfills, repositories act as chemical reactors influencing the technical and geosphere barriers. They are able to take this into account when designing experimental programs designated to understand these processes.
Based on knowledge the students have gained from other courses (hydrogeology, basic principles of contaminant transport, underground excavations etc.) they are able to build up project-oriented geological models of shallow and deep disposal sites. They learn to take this into account when designing geological investigation and Monitoring programs in order to acquire all data that are necessary for an assessment of the performance and the long-term safety of a repository.
The students are aware that long-term safety has an influence on repository design and construction. They realize that this has to be taken into account in engineering and are able to design appropriate investigation programs.
ContentThis lecture course comprises a series of lectures with exercises and excursions. The course is subdivided in two parts: Part 1, Landfills and contaminated sites (lecturer Peter Huggenberger), Part 2, Deep Geological Disposal of Radioactive Waste (lecturer Andreas Gautschi). Topics addressed in the course are
- principles of environmental protection in waste management and how this is applied in legislation.
- role and character of heterogeneities of frequently used geological barriers
- chemistry underlying the leaching of contaminants from the landfilled/contaminated material
- Technical barrier design and function
- Contaminated site remediation: Site evaluation, concepts and methods, advanced monitoring, remediation technologies
- Concepts and long-term safety in radioactive waste management
- Clay rocks and fractured hard rocks as transport barriers for contaminants
- Engineering geology in deep geological disposal
- Investigation methods in deep boreholes (data acquisition for the assessment of long-term safety and data relevant for repository layout and construction)
Lecture notesElectronic copies of overheads
LiteratureA list of recommended literature and internet links will be made available.
Prerequisites / NoticeThis course is compulsory for the MSc Earth Science Engineering Geology.

Recommended background for other geoscientists: Basic knowledge in geochemistry, hydrogeology, (borehole) geophysics, engineering geology
Industrial Internship
NumberTitleTypeECTSHoursLecturers
651-4071-00LIndustrial Internship Restricted registration - show details
Prerequisites: successful participation in the Compulsory Modules Fundamentals, Methods and Integration.

The Industrial Internship of the Eng Geol Major should take place in the second MSc year after consultation with Dr. Björn Oddsson. Detailed regulations of this practical are published on the Eng Geol Website.
O12 credits32PB. Oddsson
AbstractThe industry practical is supervised both from the industry partner and ETH and consists of technically and/or scientifically challenging work in the engineering geology domain. The regular duration of the practical is 2.5 month. The practical is is pre-defined in a work plan and concluded with a report written by the student.
ObjectiveThe goals of the industry practical are to become familiar with technical, economic, legal and communication issues of real-life work in private industry or technical administration.
Major in Geophysics
Compulsory Modules Geophysics
Geophysical Methods I
NumberTitleTypeECTSHoursLecturers
651-4096-00LInverse Theory for Geophysics I: BasicsW+3 credits2VH. Maurer, A. Fichtner
AbstractThis course provides an introduction to inversion theory. The focus is rather on the basic principles and applications than on rigorous mathematical proofs. Prerequisites for this course include (i) basic knowledge of analysis and linear algebra and (ii) knowledge of Matlab (required for the exercises).
ObjectiveAfter this course the students should have a good grasp of geophysical inversion problems. In particular, they should be familiar with linear and non-linear inversion techniques. Most importantly, they should be aware of potential pitfalls and limitations of the methods.
ContentDuring this course, the following topics are covered:

- Introduction to geophysical inversion
- Matrix inversion techniques
- Linear inversion problems
- Non-linear inversion problems
- Probabilistic inversion approaches
- Global optimizers

Most of these modules are accompanied by exercises
Lecture notesPresentation slides and some background material will be provided.
Prerequisites / NoticeThis course is offered as a half-semester course during the first part of the semester
Geophysical Methods II
NumberTitleTypeECTSHoursLecturers
651-4013-00LPotential Field TheoryW+3 credits2GA. Khan, A. Jackson
AbstractThe course will guide students in learning about the capabilities and limitations of potential field data, namely gravity and magnetic measurements as collected by industry, in determining geological sources.
It will follow a mathematical approach, and students will learn to apply mathematical strategies to generate quantitative answers to geophysical questions.
ObjectiveThe course will guide students in learning about the capabilities and limitations of potential field data, namely gravity and magnetic measurements as collected by industry, in determining geological sources.
It will follow a mathematical approach, and students will learn to apply mathematical strategies to generate quantitative answers to geophysical questions.
ContentPart I:
Concept of work & energy, conservative fields, the Newtonian potential, Laplace's and Poisson's equation, solutions in Cartesian/spherical geometry, the Geoid, gravity instrumentation, field data processing, depth rules for isolated bodies, Fourier methods.
Part II:
Magnetic potential, dipole and current loops, distributed magnetization, remanent and induced magnetization, nonuniqueness & ``annihilators'', field data processing, magnetic instrumentation, anomalies from total field data, reduction to the pole, statistical methods.
Part III:
Applicability to DC electrical methods: resistivity sounding.
Prerequisites / NoticePrerequisite: Successful completion of 651-4130-00 Mathematical Methods
Restricted Choice Modules Geophysics
Seismology
NumberTitleTypeECTSHoursLecturers
651-4006-00LSeismology of the Spherical EarthW+3 credits2GA. Fichtner, M. van Driel
AbstractBrief review of continuum mechanics and earthquake modeling. Approaches to solving the momentum equation in realistic Earth models, or ways to calculate a theoretical seismogram: homogeneous wave equation; P and S waves; eikonal equation and ray tracing; surface-wave solutions; normal-mode solutions; numerical solutions.
ObjectiveAfter taking this course, students will have the background knowledge necessary to start an original research project in global theoretical seismology.
LiteratureAki, K. and P. G. Richards, Quantitative Seismology, second edition, University Science Books, Sausalito, 2002.
Dahlen, F. A. and J. Tromp, Theoretical Global Seismology, Princeton University Press, Princeton, 1998.
Lay, T. and T. C. Wallace, Modern Global Seismology, Academic Press, San Diego, 1995.
Shearer, P., Introduction to Seismology, Cambridge University Press, 1999.
Udias, A., Principles of Seismology, Cambridge University Press, 1999.
Physics of the Earth's Interior
NumberTitleTypeECTSHoursLecturers
651-4017-00LEarth's Core and the Geodynamo Information W+3 credits2GJ. A. R. Noir, A. Jackson, S. Vantieghem
AbstractIn Earth's core, motions of liquid iron act as a dynamo producing the geomagnetic field. This course explores the composition, structure and physical conditions in Earth's core and describes the geomagnetic field before focusing on the geodynamo mechanism. An interdisciplinary perspective is adopted involving electromagnetism and fluid dynamics but also seismology and mineral physics.
ObjectiveThe objectives of this course are:
(i) Development of the geophysical and sometimes mathematical tools
needed to understand Earth's core and the geodynamo.
(ii) Acquisition of knowledge concerning physical and observational constraints on the dynamics of Earth's core and the evolution of the geomagnetic field.
Content(i) Structure and composition of Earth's core: Including PREM, Adams-Williamson equation, Inner core anisotropy, Geochemical constraints, High Pressure mineral physics Experiments, Phase changes, Adiabatic temperature profiles, Geotherms, Power sources for the Geodynamo.
(ii) Observational geomagnetism: Spherical harmonics, Global field models, Westward drift, Jerks, Core field inverse problem, Core field structure and historical evolution, Polarity excursions and reversals, Time-averaged field.
(iii) Theory of the Geodynamo: Review of Maxwell's equations, Induction equation, Alpha Effect and Omega Effect, Proudman-Taylor theorem Geostrophy, Rotating Convection, Experimental and numerical dynamos.
Prerequisites / NoticeThe Earth's Core and Geodynamo Course capitalizes on the knowledge of:
- 651-4001-00L: Geophysical Fluid Dynamics
- 651-4130-00L: Mathematical Methods
Therefore we recommend that the students have attended those courses or others of similar content.
651-4008-00LDynamics of the Mantle and LithosphereW+3 credits2GD. A. May
AbstractThe goal of this course is to obtain a detailed understanding of the physical properties, structure, and dynamical behavior of the mantle-lithosphere system, focusing mainly on Earth but also discussing how these processes occur differently in other terrestrial planets.
ObjectiveThe goal of this course is to obtain a detailed understanding of the physical properties, structure, and dynamical behavior of the mantle-lithosphere system, focusing mainly on Earth but also discussing how these processes occur differently in other terrestrial planets.
651-5104-00LDeep Electromagnetic Studies of the Earth
Prerequisite: Successful completion of Mathematical Methods (651-4130-00L) required.
W+3 credits2GA. Kuvshinov, A. Grayver
AbstractThe course will guide students in learning about deep electromagnetic (EM) studies of the Earth. These studies focus on analysis and interpretation of long-period time-varying EM field observed at Earth's surface, at sea bottom and at satellite altitudes with ultimate goal to recover electrical conductivity distributions in Earth's interior.
ObjectiveGoverning equations for these studies are Maxwell's equations and special attention in this course will be paid to the solution of Maxwell's equations in Earth's models with one-dimensional (1-D) and three-dimensional (3-D) conductivity distributions. In addition the basics of inverse problem solutions - as applied to deep EM studies - will be discussed.
ContentIntroduction to deep electromagnetic (EM) studies of Earth (governing equations, conductivity models under consideration, summary of the main EM sounding methods, etc.); basics of magnetotelluric (MT) and geomagnetic deep sounding (GDS) methods; solution of Maxwell's equations in fundamental (layered) Earth's models in Cartesian and spherical geometries; solution of Maxwell's equations - based on integral equation approach - in Earth's models with 3-D conductivity distribution (theory and efficient numerical implementation); solution of EM inverse problems (inverse problem formulation, regularization of the inverse solution, discussion on optimization methods and adjoint approach); basics of data processing; examples of application (use of MT to detect geothermal reservoirs; use of GDS to constrain mantle conductivity; 3-D EM modellings to predict space weather hazards, etc.)
Applied Geophysics
One additional elective courses of at least 3KP has to be completed for this Module according to prior agreement with the Subject Advisor of the Geophysics Major (Autumn or Spring Semester).
NumberTitleTypeECTSHoursLecturers
651-4087-00LCase Studies in Exploration and Environmental Geophysics IW+3 credits3GH. Maurer, J. Robertsson, M. Hertrich, M. O. Saar
AbstractIntegrated geophysical investigations; applications of exploration seismic; applications of high-resolution seismic, ground-penetrating radar, magnetic, gravity, electromagnetic, geoelectric and nuclear-magnetic resonance methods; case studies.
ObjectiveProvide (i) fundamental knowledge of modern methods employed in exploration, engineering and environmental geophysics, (ii) a sound understanding of integrated multidisciplinary approaches for resolving diverse exploration, engineering and environmental problems, and (iii) familiarity with exploration-, engineering- and environment-relevant case histories (national und international).
ContentA broad range of geophysical methods are employed in exploration, engineering and environmental projects worldwide. After short introductions to various applied geophysical methods, strategies for resolving a wide variety of exploration, engineering and environmental problems are introduced. Themes addressed in exploration geophysics include exploration and evaluation of marine hydrocarbon reservoirs. Themes addressed in engineering geophysics include: remote sensing in archeology, detection of metal pipes, plastic pipes and caverns in the subsurface, and characterizing the shallow underground in regions of major construction. Themes addressed in environmental geophysics include: exploration and evaluation of groundwater reserves, and investigations of potentially dangerous waste disposal sites (e.g. outlining the boundaries and content of poorly documented landfills and studies of sites for the future storage of chemical and radioactive refuse).
Lecture notesNone
LiteratureProvided during the course
Prerequisites / NoticeThis course is offered as a half-semester course during the first part of the semester.
651-4079-00LReflection Seismology ProcessingW+6 credits6GH. E. Horstmeyer, D.‑J. van Manen
AbstractSeismic data processing from field data to interpretation.
ObjectiveApplication of theoretical knowledge acquired in previous courses to the processing of a seismic data set and an extensive introduction to commercial processing software.
ContentKeywords: data conversion, amplitude reconstruction, filtering (in time and space), geometry assignment, static corrections, velocity analyses, normal-moveout (NMO) corrections, deconvolution, stacking, migration, interpretation.
LiteratureAccess to commercial processing software manuals and Yilmaz’s (2001) textbook “Seismic Data Analysis”
Prerequisites / NoticeStudents usually work in teams of 2.
» additional elective course of at least 3KP with prior approval by subject advisor
Major in Mineralogy and Geochemistry
Compulsory Module in Analytical Methods in Earth Sciences
Courses for this Module take place in autumn semester.
» Compulsory Modules for Geology and Mineralogy & Geochemistry
Restricted Choice Modules Mineralogy & Geochemistry
Mineralogy and Petrology
NumberTitleTypeECTSHoursLecturers
651-4030-00LCrystalline Geology of the AlpsW3 credits2GE. Reusser
AbstractGeology of the Central Alps with an emphasis on the Alpine-metamorphic Penninic domain between the External massifs and the Insubric line. Focus: Alpine tectonics, deformation history and metamorphosis.
ObjectiveUnderstanding the Alpine tectonics, the Geological history incl. deformation and metamorphic history of the central part of the Alps.
ContentGeographical overview; tectonic units and their relationship; deformation; metamorphosis; deep structure; evolution and geological history from Permian to Oligocene based on observation at three localities: Valmalenco, Cimalunga unit, Bergell intrusion.
Lecture notesNo script, but a lot of maps and profiles drawn at the blackboard.
101-0302-00LClays in Geotechnics: Problems and Applications
Remark: same course content as 651-4078-00L Clay Mineralogy (provided untill FS15).
W3 credits2GM. Plötze
AbstractThis course gives a comprehensive introduction in clay mineralogy, properties, characterising and testing methods as well as applied aspects and problems of clays and clay minerals in geotechniques. This course comprises of lectures with exercises, case studies, and demonstrated experiments.
ObjectiveUpon successful completion of this course the student is able to:
- Describe clay minerals and their fundamental properties
- Describe/propose methods for characterization of clays and clay minerals
- Draw conclusion about specific properties of clays with a focus to their potential use, problematics and things to consider in geotechniques and engineering geology.
Content- Introduction to clays and clay minerals (importance and application in geosciences, industry and everyday life)
- Origin of clays (formation of clays and clay minerals, geological origin)
- Clay mineral structure, classification and identification incl. methods for investigation (e.g. XRD)
- Properties of clay materials, characterisation and quantification incl. methods for investigation (cation exchange, rheology, plasticity, shearing, swelling, permeability, retardation and diffusion)
- Clay Minerals in geotechniques: Problems and applications (e.g. soil mechanics, barriers, slurry walls)
Lecture notesLecture slides and further documents will be available in the lecture
Petrology and Volcanology
NumberTitleTypeECTSHoursLecturers
651-4032-00LVolcanologyW+3 credits2VO. Bachmann
AbstractThis course will discuss the processes occurring from magma generation to eruption, covering topics such as magma formation, storage, movement, evolution, ascent in conduit and eruption dynamics. The course will also discuss deposits, and will prepare students to take the volcanology field course. Finally, an introduction on volcanic hazards and volcano monitoring will be presented.
ObjectiveAfter completion of this course the students should have a good understanding of the dynamics of volcanic systems, from source to surface. The students should understand the main steps involved in generating volcanic activity on Earth, to interpret the depositional processes operating during volcanic eruptions. They should also be able to discuss potential hazards related to a given volcanic phenomena.
ContentDuring the course, the following topics are covered:
- Basics of physical volcanology
- Physical properties of magmas
- The role of volatiles in volcanic eruptions
- Fragmentation processes
- Explosive volcanism – dynamics and deposits
- Effusive volcanism – lava flows
- Monitoring techniques used at active volcanoes
- Volcanic hazards

Some of these modules are accompanied by exercises
Lecture notesPresentation slides will be handed out
LiteratureParfitt EA, Wilson L (2008) Fundamentals of physical volcanology. Blackwell Publishing Ltd, 230pp.
651-4032-01LVolcanology Field Course Restricted registration - show details
Only for Earth Sciences MSc.

Number of participants limited to 20.

Prerequisite: This course can only be taken after successful completion of 651-4032-00L Volcanology.
W2 credits6PO. Bachmann
AbstractThe course complements the lecture class on physical volcanology, by providing a close look at the field characteristics of volcanic deposits. It is run in a volcanic province, typically in Europe (e.g., Iceland, Greece, Italy, Spain, Germany, France). The course focuses on the field description of many types of volcanic deposits and their edifices.
ObjectiveAfter completion of this course, the students should be able to differentiate the different types of volcanic rocks in the field, and interpret the eruptive dynamics that led to their deposition. They should also be able to provide some guidance on the type of hazards that a given volcanic edifice or province is most likely to produce.
ContentThe course involves a weeklong stay in a volcanic province, in most cases situated in Europe. A first part of the course will focus on a guided tour to look at volcanic deposits and learn the characteristics of the area. In a second stage, the students will have to complete some field exercises.
Lecture notesA field guide and scientific papers pertaining to the area of study will be distributed
651-4036-00LField Excursion Module Mineral Resources Restricted registration - show details
Only for Earth Sciences MSc.

Number of participants limited to 20.
W3 credits6PA. Quadt Wykradt-Hüchtenbruck, T. Driesner, C. A. Heinrich
AbstractExcursion to areas of active and past mining activity and practical industry courses. Mapping relations between regional/local geology and ore deposit formation in the field and in active mines. Insight into the work of mine and exploration geologists, including geophysical measurements, geochemical data handling, economic evaluation, etc.
ObjectiveUnderstand the regional and local geology as a framework for ore deposit formation. Discuss actual ore deposits and their position within this framework during mine visits. Study similarities and differences between processes leading to the formation of different ore deposit types. Obtain insight into challenges linking economic geology and mining with social and environmental constraints.
Prerequisites / NoticeCourse plans changing through the years. Subscribe through MyStudies once; depending on the rolling 2-year program, it is possible to obtain credits by combination of several excursions and courses.
651-4026-00LApplied Mineralogy and Non-Metallic Resources II Information W3 credits2GR. Kündig, C. Bühler, B. Grobéty
AbstractGeological and mineralogical aspects to important non-metallic mineral ressources. Industrial use of specific mineral ressources as well as economic, strategic and environmental aspects are discussed. Examples from all over the world with a specific focus on the non-mineral mineral ressources potential in Switzerland.
ObjectiveStudents will learn to understand the use of non-metallic mineral ressources from a geological and mineralogical point of view as well as from industrial, technical and strategical (political) point of view. Environmental aspects on the worldwide use of non-metallic mineral ressources are discussed. A special focus will be given on the situation in Switzerland.
ContentTeaching, case-studies and excursions (e.g. raw-material industry).

Course "Applied mineralogy and non-metallic ressources I" (autumn semester):
Non-metallic ressources. Occurrences, geology, extraction, properties, fabrication and use. Industrial aspects, (new) technologies, market, stock, situation, reserves & ressources, trends and developpment, environmental aspects, law.

Chapters: e.g. coal/carbon (coal, graphite, diamond, fulleren); oil/gas (oil- and tarsands, oil-shists); phosphates/nitrates; aluminum (bauxite, corundum); salt; carbonates; titanium; clay and clay minerals; sulphur; gypsum/anhydrite; fluorite; asbestos; talc; micas; rare earth elements.

Course "Applied mineralogy and non-metallic ressources II" (fall semester):
Stone and earth industry (gravel, sand, crushed stones, stones), natural stone, building stone, cement, cement-industry. Case studies in applied mineralogy.

Chapters: e.g. Stone industry - technical aspects of building stones, properties, weathering, treatment, quarries, products. Crushed stones - quarries, products, planning, environment. Gravel an sand - ressources/reserves, environment (protection/law), alternative products (substitution). Cement and concrete (geological ressources, prospection, fabrication, environment).
Lecture notesWill be given according to the lessons. Partially integration of e-learning tools.
Literature- Walter L. Pohl (2011): Economic Geology - Principles and Practice. Wiley-Blackwell, 664p.,ISBN 978-1-4443-3663-4
- Harben, P.W. (2002): The Industrial Minerals Handybook. A Guide to Markets,
Specifications & Prices. Industrial Mineral Information, London 412 S., ISBN 1-904333-04-4
- Schweizerische Geotechnische Kommission (1996): Die mineralischen Rohstoffe der
Schweiz.- Herausgegeben von der Schw. Geotech. Komm., Zürich, 522 S., ISBN 3-907997-00-X
- Geotechnische Karte der Schweiz 1:200 000, 2. Aufl. Schweiz. Geotechn. Komm.
- Trueb, L.F. (1996): Die chemischen Elemente - Ein Streifzug durch das Periodensystem. S. Hirzel Verlag, Stuttgart, 416 S., ISBN 3-7776-0674-X
- Kesler, S. E. (1994): Mineral Resources, Economics and the Environment.-
Macmillan College Publishing Company, Inc., New York., 392 S., ISBN 0-02-362842-1
651-4098-00LComputational Techniques in PetrologyW3 credits2GL. Tajcmanová
AbstractThis course covers the use of modern computational techniques for solving a wide variety of petrological problems. In particular several programs that allow the construction of metamorphic phase diagrams by manipulating thermodynamic data are introduced, and are used to deduce pressure-temperature histories for case-study samples.
ObjectiveThis course provides an overview of basic thermodynamic principles (although these are taught in more depth in other courses). Students will be introduced to programs for calculating phase equilibria and stable-mineral-assemblage with thermodynamic data. It is intended that these can then be used to calculate phase diagrams applicable to the metamorphic samples collected in many Masters and PhD projects. Simple calculation of mass and heat flow will also be discussed, with the objective that students will develop skills enabling them to better interpret the histories of metamorphic rocks.

It is recommended that students who subscribe to this course followed the Phase Petrology course of Prof. Tajcmanova or the Thermodynamics Applied to Earth Materials course of Prof. Connolly before.
Mineral Resources
NumberTitleTypeECTSHoursLecturers
651-4024-00LOre Deposits IIW3 credits2GC. A. Heinrich, T. Driesner
AbstractMagmatic-hydrothermal ore formation from plate-tectonic scale to fluid inclusions, with a focus on porphyry-Cu-Au deposits, epithermal precious-metal deposits and granite-related Sn-W deposits
ObjectiveRecognise and interpret ore-forming processes in hand samples. Understand the string of processes that contribute to metal enrichment mainly along active plate margins, from lithosphere dynamics through magma evolution, fluid separation, subsolidus fluid evolution, and alteration and mineral precipitation by interaction of magmatic fluids with country rocks and the hydrosphere. Understand connection to active volcanism and geothermal processes. Insight into modern research approaches including firld mapping, analytical techniques and modelling in preparation for MSc projects.
ContentDetailed program of contents will be updated yearly and will be made available in the first class and by email distribution to those who subscribe to the course
Lecture notesShort notes are distributed in class
LiteratureExtensive reference list distributed with course notes
Prerequisites / NoticeBuilds on BSc course "Rohstoffe der Erde" and MSc course "Ore Deposits I", as essential introductions to the principles of hydrothermal ore formation in sedimentary basins and to orthomagmatic metal enrichment in layered intrusions. Reflected Light Microscopy and Ore Deposit Practical, coordinated with Ore Deposits I, is recommended but not essential. BSc students intending to study the module Mineral Resources and Technical Mineralogy in their MSc program should take both courses "Ore Deposits I and II" during their MSc studies, not as elective credits during the BSc.
651-4026-00LApplied Mineralogy and Non-Metallic Resources II Information W3 credits2GR. Kündig, C. Bühler, B. Grobéty
AbstractGeological and mineralogical aspects to important non-metallic mineral ressources. Industrial use of specific mineral ressources as well as economic, strategic and environmental aspects are discussed. Examples from all over the world with a specific focus on the non-mineral mineral ressources potential in Switzerland.
ObjectiveStudents will learn to understand the use of non-metallic mineral ressources from a geological and mineralogical point of view as well as from industrial, technical and strategical (political) point of view. Environmental aspects on the worldwide use of non-metallic mineral ressources are discussed. A special focus will be given on the situation in Switzerland.
ContentTeaching, case-studies and excursions (e.g. raw-material industry).

Course "Applied mineralogy and non-metallic ressources I" (autumn semester):
Non-metallic ressources. Occurrences, geology, extraction, properties, fabrication and use. Industrial aspects, (new) technologies, market, stock, situation, reserves & ressources, trends and developpment, environmental aspects, law.

Chapters: e.g. coal/carbon (coal, graphite, diamond, fulleren); oil/gas (oil- and tarsands, oil-shists); phosphates/nitrates; aluminum (bauxite, corundum); salt; carbonates; titanium; clay and clay minerals; sulphur; gypsum/anhydrite; fluorite; asbestos; talc; micas; rare earth elements.

Course "Applied mineralogy and non-metallic ressources II" (fall semester):
Stone and earth industry (gravel, sand, crushed stones, stones), natural stone, building stone, cement, cement-industry. Case studies in applied mineralogy.

Chapters: e.g. Stone industry - technical aspects of building stones, properties, weathering, treatment, quarries, products. Crushed stones - quarries, products, planning, environment. Gravel an sand - ressources/reserves, environment (protection/law), alternative products (substitution). Cement and concrete (geological ressources, prospection, fabrication, environment).
Lecture notesWill be given according to the lessons. Partially integration of e-learning tools.
Literature- Walter L. Pohl (2011): Economic Geology - Principles and Practice. Wiley-Blackwell, 664p.,ISBN 978-1-4443-3663-4
- Harben, P.W. (2002): The Industrial Minerals Handybook. A Guide to Markets,
Specifications & Prices. Industrial Mineral Information, London 412 S., ISBN 1-904333-04-4
- Schweizerische Geotechnische Kommission (1996): Die mineralischen Rohstoffe der
Schweiz.- Herausgegeben von der Schw. Geotech. Komm., Zürich, 522 S., ISBN 3-907997-00-X
- Geotechnische Karte der Schweiz 1:200 000, 2. Aufl. Schweiz. Geotechn. Komm.
- Trueb, L.F. (1996): Die chemischen Elemente - Ein Streifzug durch das Periodensystem. S. Hirzel Verlag, Stuttgart, 416 S., ISBN 3-7776-0674-X
- Kesler, S. E. (1994): Mineral Resources, Economics and the Environment.-
Macmillan College Publishing Company, Inc., New York., 392 S., ISBN 0-02-362842-1
651-4036-00LField Excursion Module Mineral Resources Restricted registration - show details
Only for Earth Sciences MSc.

Number of participants limited to 20.
W3 credits6PA. Quadt Wykradt-Hüchtenbruck, T. Driesner, C. A. Heinrich
AbstractExcursion to areas of active and past mining activity and practical industry courses. Mapping relations between regional/local geology and ore deposit formation in the field and in active mines. Insight into the work of mine and exploration geologists, including geophysical measurements, geochemical data handling, economic evaluation, etc.
ObjectiveUnderstand the regional and local geology as a framework for ore deposit formation. Discuss actual ore deposits and their position within this framework during mine visits. Study similarities and differences between processes leading to the formation of different ore deposit types. Obtain insight into challenges linking economic geology and mining with social and environmental constraints.
Prerequisites / NoticeCourse plans changing through the years. Subscribe through MyStudies once; depending on the rolling 2-year program, it is possible to obtain credits by combination of several excursions and courses.
Geochemistry
NumberTitleTypeECTSHoursLecturers
651-4226-00LGeochemical and Isotopic Tracers of the Earth SystemW+3 credits2VD. Vance
AbstractThis unit discusses the geochemical approaches used to understand the dynamics of the surface Earth, now and in the past. Emphasis is placed on gaining a basic understanding of how the tracers work, e.g. on the modern Earth. Case studies will be used to appreciate what we can learn about the past, in particular the major changes that the surface Earth system has undergone over Earth history.
ObjectiveThis unit is designed with the particular aim of providing a firm grounding in the geochemical methods used to observe and trace the Earth System, now and in the past. The approach in lectures will be the pursuit of a sound understanding of the controlling physical and chemical factors of each method, to encourage students to think about their application and interpretation from first principles. Exercises will provide an opportunity to analyse real data, to understand their meaning, and to quantitatively interpret them in the context of simple box models.
ContentMost of the important geochemical and isotopic methods used to study the surface Earth will be covered, including: tracing the hydrological cycle using stable isotopes , geochemical and isotopic tracing of the carbon cycle, the chemistry of aerosols in the atmosphere, using boron isotopes to understand the oceanic carbonate system, using radiogenic isotopes as surface Earth tracers (including U-series, Sr-Nd-Pb etc), the silica cycle at the surface Earth (including silicon isotopes), trace metals and their isotopes (focusing on surface Earth redox).

Real data will be woven through all of these but case studies using geochemical data will come from e.g. the
Quaternary (ice cores, ocean sediments and speleothems), the history of Cenozoic CO2 , Mesozoic OAEs, the early oxygenation of the Earth.
Lecture notesSlides of lectures will be available.
651-4044-00LGeomicrobiology and Biogeochemistry Information W3 credits2GT. I. Eglinton, T. R. R. Bontognali, C. Vasconcelos
AbstractMicroorganisms have helped to shape the Earth over almost 4 billion years making it habitable for higher forms of life. Recent advances in our understanding of how microbial life impacts the Earth have led to a newly evolving field of geomicrobiology and associated biogeochemistry, which links the biosphere with the geosphere.
ObjectiveThe course aims to provide an introduction to geomicrobiology and to describe how microbial communities have influenced biogeochemical cycles and mineralogical processes through geologic time.

This lecture course is supplemented by an independent field-lab-course from August 29 to September 9. For details see lecture catalog ETHZ 651-4044-02L and ETHZ 651-4044-01L.
ContentThe lecture course covers the following topics: 1. Microbial properties and diversity, 2. Microbial metabolism that relates to geochemistry, 3. Cell surface reactivity, 4. Sediment biogeochemistry, 5. Biomineral formation in stromatolites, 6. Microbial weathering, 7. Biomarker geochemistry and 8. Microbial life in Earth history. The course will include laboratory practicals in geomicrobiology and geochemistry.
A detailed description of the course layout will become available on OLAT under Link
at the beginning of January.
Lecture notesPower point slides will be distributed during the course with recommended reading lists.
Access to the lecture notes requires that students sign up in the learning resources "Geomicrobiology_16" in OLAT (available in January) via the internet address given above.
LiteratureRecommended References are listed in the "Geomicrobiology_16" website on OLAT (Link) and research papers and reviews to specific topics are available in the File Exchange folders.
A number of handbooks will be on display in the library (shelf on the right hand side) for use in the library only.
Prerequisites / NoticeTiming: The course starts on February 22 and ends on May 30. Prerequisites: Recall and remember what you learned in introductory chemistry and biology and apply it to geochemistry and microbial biochemistry.

The students will make oral presentations on selected topics based on the specific laboratory experiments.

This course and the lecture course "651-4004-00L Organic Geochemistry and the Global Carbon Cycle" are recommended prerequisites for participating in the combined Field-Lab courses ("651-4044-02 P Geomicrobiology and Biogeochemistry Field Course" and "651-4044-01 P Geomicrobiology and Biogeochemistry Lab Practical"). Details under Link
651-4044-02LGeomicrobiology and Biogeochemistry Field Course Information Restricted registration - show details
Number of participants limited to 25.

Lectures from "Geomicrobiology and Biogeochemistry" and "Organic Geochemistry and Biogeochemical Cycles" are recommended but not mandatory for participation in the field course.
W2 credits4PT. I. Eglinton, D. Vance
Abstract1. Microbial roles in dissolving and forming minerals
2. Interactions between geochemical, hydrologic and atmospheric determinants in alpine environments
3. Carbon sequestration in glacial retreat areas, soil formation in different bedrock areas, geochemical nutrient scavenging in nutrient-poor high mountain ecosystems
4. Physiological adaptation to extreme conditions
ObjectiveIllustrating basic geological, chemical and geo-microbiological topics under natural conditions and relating them to past, present and future global environmental conditions.
Each course participant focuses on a scientific question related to one of the course topics, searches for details in the literature and presents a short summary of his / her course research.

Didactic Approach: Preparation lectures, investigation of field sites, sampling and sample preservation and follow-up analyses for the lab module (651-4044-01L), studying papers, exercises on concept formulation, ecosystem modeling, presentation of field results.
The preparation for the fieldwork is designed as a partial distance-learning course via the internet. Lectures along with other course material can be viewed before the field course. Students will need to complete a variety of assignments and participate at discussion forums on OLAT before the field course.
ContentThe field course (651-4044-02L) will take place from August 29 to September 3. It will be followed by a laboratory module from September 5 to September 9 (independent sign-up under 651-4044-01L).
Sites visited depends on the weather, accessibility of the sites in case of early snow and the time. Selection of topics (not all sites listed will be visited every year):
1. Biogeochemical processes in rock weathering and the formation of minerals: Gonzen, former iron mine; Alvaneu, sulfur springs. Chemical and microbially mediated transformation of carbonates and gypsum: Albula valley region.
2. Geomicrobiology and hydrogeochemistry in thermal spring (Tamina gorge, Pfäffers) and cold water mineral springs of the Lower Engadin Window: Highly mineralized spring water emerging from low grade metamorphic rocks (Bündner shist) by ion exchange processes and release of rock interstitial fluids.
3. Geochemical nutrient sequestration in high mountain lakes and in snow and ice: Joeri lake area (Silvretta gneiss).
4. Coupled processes in biogeochemical iron, manganese and phosphorus cycling: Jöri lake XIII.
5. Primary processes in soil and peat formation (inorganic to organic transition, carbon sequestration) and colonization: Glacial retreat flood plains, early vegetation on delta and moraine soils.
6. Life styles under extreme conditions: Microorganisms and small invertebrates in ice (Cryoconite holes), snow and highly mineralized spring water.
7. Formation and weathering of serpentinite (Totalp) and effects on soil formation and on vegetation.
8. Economic aspects of geohydrology: mineral water market and wellness tourism.
Lecture notesThe new field guides and details about the course logistics will become available on OLAT in January via Details under Link
Instructions will be sent during the spring semester to participants who are enrolled for this course in "MyStudies".
LiteratureLecture slides and literature references are available on the corresponding OLAT site: Details under Link
Prerequisites / NoticeSites and course contents can vary from year to year depending on interest, accessibility and weather conditions.
Field-work can last up to 8 hours daily and will take place at altitudes up to 3000m. This requires endurance and a certain physical fitness. Participants need to be prepared.
Target Groups: Field course and lab module for the upper level Bachelor curriculum and for Master students.

This field course is coupled to the lab practical "651-4044-01 P Geomicrobiology and Biogeochemistry Lab Practical", when samples collected during the field work will be analyzed. Students who sign up for both, the field and the lab component, have priority. It is possible, however, to participate at the field section only.
The lecture courses "651-4004-00L Organic Geochemistry and the Global Carbon Cycle" and "651-4044-00L Geomicrobiology and Biogeochemistry" are good preparations for the combined Field-Lab Course. Taking one of them is a mandatory prerequisite for participation in the Lab-module, not so, however, but recommended for optimally profiting from the field course.
651-4004-00LOrganic Geochemistry and the Global Carbon CycleW3 credits2GT. I. Eglinton, M. Lupker
AbstractThe carbon cycle connects different reservoirs of C, including life on Earth, atmospheric CO2, and economically important geological reserves of C. Much of this C is in reduced (organic) form, and is composed of complex chemical structures that reflect diverse biological activity, processes and transformations.
ObjectiveA wealth of information is held within the complex organic molecules, both in the context of the contemporary carbon cycle and its links to is other biogeochemical cycles, as well as in relation to Earth's history, the evolution of life and climate on this planet.

In this course we will learn about the role of reduced forms of carbon in the global cycle, how these forms of carbon are produced, move around the planet, and become sequestered in the geological record, and how they can be used to infer biological activity and conditions on this planet in the geologic past. The course encompasses a range of spatial and temporal scales, from molecular to global, and from the contemporary environment to earliest life.
Prerequisites / NoticeThis course and the lecture course "651-4044-00L Geomicrobiology and Biogeochemistry" Link are good preparations for the combined Field-Lab Course ("651-4044-02 P Geomicrobiology and Biogeochemistry Field Course" and "651-4044-01 P Geomicrobiology and Biogeochemistry Lab Practical"). Details under Link
651-4228-00LTopics in Planetary Sciences Information W2 credits2GM. Schönbächler, H. Busemann, A. Khan, P. Tackley
AbstractThe course will be based on reading of research papers. Themes can vary from year to year and will cover planetary geophysics, geochemistry and the dynamical evolution of planetary bodies. The format of the course will be centered on short lectures introducing a theme, followed by a presentation of one or more papers by a student or group of students and an open discussion of the topic.
ObjectiveThe goal of the course is discuss topics in planetary sciences, which were not covered in the general planetary science courses. The course also aims at training the student's ability to critically evaluate research papers, to summarize the findings concisely in an oral presentation, and to discuss these in the group.
ContentThemes will vary from year to year and suggestions from students are welcome.

Possible topics include:
- Formation of the terrestrial planets
- Evolution of terrestrial bodies (Mercury, Venus, Moon, Mars, Vesta) and icy moons (Ganymede, Callisto, Enceladus)
- Active asteroids/main-belt comets
- Geophysical and geochemical exploration of planetary bodies (e.g., remote sensing, meteorite studies, seismology, electromagnetic sounding, gravity, and geodetic).
Prerequisites / NoticeThe students are expected to have passed either course 651-4010-00L Planetary Physics and Chemistry or course 651-4227-00L Planetary Geochemistry.
Open Choice Modules
» Modules from the complete offerings of the Earth Science Program
» Modules from the complete offerings of the Earth Science Program
Electives
Courses can be chosen from the complete offerings of the ETH Zurich and University of Zurich (according to prior agreement with the MSc Committee).
NumberTitleTypeECTSHoursLecturers
» Choice of courses from the complete offerings of the Department of Earth Sciences
» Choice out of the complete offerings of the Engineering Geology Modules
» Choice out of the complete offerings of the Geology Modules
» Choice out of the complete offerings of the Geophysics Modules
» Choice out of the complete offerings of the Mineralogy & Geochemistry Modules
102-0448-00LGroundwater IIW6 credits4GM. Willmann
AbstractThe course is based on the course 'Groundwater I' and is a prerequisite for further applications of groundwater flow and contaminant transport models.
ObjectiveThe course should enable students to understand and apply methods and tools for groundwater flow and transport modelling.

the student should be able to
a) formulate practical flow and contaminant transport problems.

b) solve steady-state and transient flow and transport problems in 2 and 3 spatial dimensions using numerical codes based on the finite difference method and the finite element methods.

c) solve simple inverse flow problems for parameter estimation given measurements.

d) assess simple multiphase flow problems.

e) assess spatial variability of parameters and use of stochastic techniques in this task.

f) solve simple flow problems affected by fluid density.

g) assess simple coupled reactive transport problems.
ContentIntroduction and basic flow and contaminant transport equation.

Numerical solution of the 3D flow equation using the finite difference method.

Numerical solution to the flow equation using the finite element equation

Numerical solution to the transport equation using the finite difference method.

Numerical solution to the transport equation using the method of characteristics and the random walk method.

Numerical solution to the transport equation: Case studies.

Two-phase flow and Unsaturated flow problems.

Modelling of flow problems affected by fluid density.

Spatial variability of parameters and its geostatistical representation.

Geostatistics and stochastic modelling.

Reactive transport modelling.
Lecture notesHandouts
Literature- J. Bear, Hydraulics of Groundwater, McGraw-Hill, New York, 1979
- P.A. Domenico, F.W. Schwartz, Physical and Chemical Hydrogeology, J. Wilson & Sons, New York, 1990

- Chiang und Kinzelbach, 3-D Groundwater Modeling with PMWIN. Springer, 2001.

- G. de Marsily, Quantitative Hydrogeology, Academic Press, 1986

- W. Kinzelbach und R. Rausch: Grundwassermodellierung, Eine Einführung mit Uebungen Gebrüder Bornträger, Berlin, 1995, ISBN 3-443-01032-6

- F. Stauffer: Strömungsprozesse im Grundwasser, Konzepte und Modelle vdf, 1998, ISBN 3-7281-2641-1
Prerequisites / NoticeThe exercises of the course are organized as a computer lab (one lesson per week). The computer lab will provide hands-on experience with groundwater modelling.
651-2600-01LGeography of Switzerland (University of Zurich)
No enrolment to this course at ETH Zurich. Book the corresponding module directly at UZH.
UZH Module Code: GEO126

Mind the enrolment deadlines at UZH:
Link
W3 credits2VUniversity lecturers
AbstractIntroduction to the geography of Switzerland from a social and political scientific perspective.
Objective- Sie verstehen die sozialen, politischen und kulturellen Eigenheiten
der Schweiz in ihrer räumlichen Ausprägung.
- Sie haben einen Einblick in die räumliche Dynamik der Schweiz in Bezug auf Urbanisierung, Mobilität, Migration und kennen die Möglichkeiten und Grenzen einer planvollen Steuerung.
ContentAus dem Inhalt:
* Stadt-Land-Gegensatz, Urbanisierung
* Kulturelle Spannungsfelder: Sprache, Konfession usw.
* Regionale Disparitäten, Regionalismus
* Nationale Identität, Schweiz in Europa
* Föderalismus und Direktdemokratie
* Mobilität und Migration
* Segregation und Selbstselektion
* Räumliche Entwicklung und Planung
LiteratureOdermatt, André und Wachter, Daniel (2004): Schweiz – eine moderne Geographie. 3. Auflage. NZZ-Verlag, Zürich. Fr. 52.-
651-4040-00LAlpine Field Course Restricted registration - show details
Only for Earth Sciences MSc.

Number of participants limited to 25.
W4 credits4PE. Reusser, P. Brack, P. Ulmer
AbstractExtended field excursion (duration 7 days) adressing different topics dependent on the localities visited (varies from year to year).
ObjectiveUnderstanding the tectonics and the geological history of the Alps.
Content2013: Cross-section through the Alps from the Bernese Oberland to Torino, via Lötschberg, Zermatt, Val d'Aosta.
Lecture notesNo script.
Prerequisites / NoticeMSc students only. Strenuous walks.
651-4096-02LInverse Theory for Geophysics II: Applications
Prerequisites: The successful completion of 651-4096-00L Inverse Theory for Geophysics I: Basics is mandatory.
W3 credits2GH. Maurer, C. Böhm, A. Fichtner, E. Manukyan
AbstractThis course offers the possibility to practice geophysical inversion techniques. For that purpose, small projects from various application areas will be presented, and the students will have the opportunity to analyze synthetic or observed data with commercial software, or they can establish their own algorithms using Matlab template scripts.
ObjectiveAfter this course the students should be prepared to analyze (geo)physical data. This includes experimental design considerations, choice of appropriate inversion tools, inclusion of a priori constraints, handling of data errors and quantitative estimation of the inversion results.
Content- Earthquake location
- Geoelectrical tomography
- Experimental design
- Adjoint methods
- Seismic full waveform inversions
Lecture notesPresentation slides and some background material will be provided.
Prerequisites / NoticeThis course is offered as a half-semester course during the second part of the semester
651-4219-00LThe Mineralogy of Steelmaking
Does not take place this semester.
W1 credit1V
AbstractIron is utilised by mankind since thousands of years and the present day world wide production of about 1.5 billon tons of steel makes the latter to one of the most important and irreplaceable industrial products. This course will communicate the relevant solid-liquid-vapor reactions along the production route of an integrated steel plant as an example for applied mineralogy.
ObjectiveThis course will put emphasis on applied mineralogy and show how concepts, familiar to Earth scientists, are being applied to industrial processes.
ContentThe course will cover the following topics:
- Pre-blast furnace processing of ores, coals and additives
- Melting and reduction in the blast furnace
- The "Basic Oxygen Furnace": de-carburisation, and the conversion from "hot metal" towards steel
- Secondary steelmaking: de-oxidation and non-metallic inclusions
- By-products: Chemistry, properties and applications of blast furnace and secondary steelmaking slags
- Chemistry and properties of refractory materials
- The role of silicate liquids during casting steel
Prerequisites / Notice4 day block-course with lectures between 10-12h and 13-15h, with a total of 16 hours.
651-5202-00LAnalytical Solutions for Deformation Structures
Does not take place this semester.
W1 credit2G
AbstractThe course consists of theoretical lectures (1/3) and practical exercises (2/3). In the lectures the concepts of continuum mechanics, dimensional analysis and analytical solutions for the equations of continuum mechanics will be discussed and explained. Both deformations of solids and fluids will be discussed.
ObjectiveThe main aim is that the participants learn how to derive and apply analytical solutions of continuum mechanics to quantify deformation processes which generated geological structures such as faults, fractures, nappes, shear zones, boudins or folds.
Another aim is that the participants learn the application of dimensional analysis to analytical solutions in order to reduce the number of model parameters and to make the solutions generally valid.
ContentFriction at the base of thrust sheets (the overthrust paradox and application to Glarus thrust).
Solutions for elastic deformations using Airy stress function
- 2D stress field in an elastic thrust block. Application to listric faults.
- 2D stress field in an elastic plate with spherical hole. Application to fracture propagation.
Solutions for viscous deformations
- 1D velocity profile across ductile shear zones with temperature dependent viscosity. Application to fold nappes.
- Nonlinear solution for viscous necking. Application to pinch-and-swell and slab detachment.
- Nonlinear solution for high amplitude folding. Application to strain and competence contrast estimation from fold shapes.
Prerequisites / NoticeBasic knowledge of tectonics and structural geology and basic experience with MATLAB is advantageous.
Exercises will be mainly done with computers using the software MATLAB and Maple but some exercises are done using pencil and paper.
651-5104-00LDeep Electromagnetic Studies of the Earth
Prerequisite: Successful completion of Mathematical Methods (651-4130-00L) required.
W3 credits2GA. Kuvshinov, A. Grayver
AbstractThe course will guide students in learning about deep electromagnetic (EM) studies of the Earth. These studies focus on analysis and interpretation of long-period time-varying EM field observed at Earth's surface, at sea bottom and at satellite altitudes with ultimate goal to recover electrical conductivity distributions in Earth's interior.
ObjectiveGoverning equations for these studies are Maxwell's equations and special attention in this course will be paid to the solution of Maxwell's equations in Earth's models with one-dimensional (1-D) and three-dimensional (3-D) conductivity distributions. In addition the basics of inverse problem solutions - as applied to deep EM studies - will be discussed.
ContentIntroduction to deep electromagnetic (EM) studies of Earth (governing equations, conductivity models under consideration, summary of the main EM sounding methods, etc.); basics of magnetotelluric (MT) and geomagnetic deep sounding (GDS) methods; solution of Maxwell's equations in fundamental (layered) Earth's models in Cartesian and spherical geometries; solution of Maxwell's equations - based on integral equation approach - in Earth's models with 3-D conductivity distribution (theory and efficient numerical implementation); solution of EM inverse problems (inverse problem formulation, regularization of the inverse solution, discussion on optimization methods and adjoint approach); basics of data processing; examples of application (use of MT to detect geothermal reservoirs; use of GDS to constrain mantle conductivity; 3-D EM modellings to predict space weather hazards, etc.)
651-1617-00LGeophysical Fluid Dynamics and Numerical Modelling Seminar Information Z Dr0 credits1SP. Tackley, T. Gerya, D. A. May
Abstract
Objective
651-4044-01LGeomicrobiology and Biogeochemistry Lab Practical Information Restricted registration - show details
Limited number of participants 10

Prerequisites: Excursions "Geomicrobiology and Biogeochemistry Field Course" (651-4044-02L). The attendance of "Geomicrobiology and Biogeochemistry" (651-4044-00L) or "Organic Geochemistry and the Global Carbon Cycle" (651-4004-00L) is recommended but not mandatory.
W2 credits2PT. I. Eglinton, C. Vasconcelos
AbstractContents:
1. Analysis of organic molecules in extracts from soils of different ages in glacial flood fields, in altitudinal gradients and from different bedrocks, and from sediments and living biofilms in high altitude aquatic ecosystems, mineral springs and ice.
2. Analysis of matrix components of the ecosystems: dissolved compounds, minerals, clays, trace components etc.
ObjectiveThe laboratory module supplements the field trip section. 10 places are reserved for students who also signed up for the field course (651-4044-02L)
Contents:
1. Preparing field work based on research hypotheses.
2. Designing field sampling strategies, proper sampling collection and preservation.
3. Documenting environmental conditions and observations at the sampling sites.
4. Extracting organic molecules from environmental samples with different matrixes.
5. Working under clean conditions and handling samples without contaminating them.
ContentThis Lab Practical, together with the corresponding Field Trips form part of a continuing "Course Research" unit.
During the field section in the Eastern Alps, we will visit a number of sites that offer
- different bedrocks (dolomite, gneiss, shale, serpentinite, radiolarite, mine tailings) and will study the organics in the soils that formed on them.
- aquatic ecosystems (lakes, rivers, springs) at high altitudes. Organics from pioneering colonizer organisms in lakes formed during the recent retreat of glaciers.
- sediments recently deposited in lakes and flood planes as well as shales that date back to the mesozoic.
The Lab Practical follows immediately after the field work.
Lecture notesProcedures for sampling, extraction and analyses will be designed on a special preparation day during the field trips.
LiteratureField guides and details about the course logistics will become available to enrolled students on OLAT via Details under Link
Instructions will be sent in the course of the spring semester to participants who are enrolled for this practical.
Prerequisites / NoticeThe laboratory module (651-4044-01L) takes place from September 5 to September 9. It supplements the "Geomicrobiology and Biogeochemistry Field Course" (651-4044-02L). Samples collected in the field will be analyzed in the labs of the Biogeosciences and Geomicrobiology Groups immediately after the field trips. Students who sign up for both, the field and the lab component, are given priority. There are 10 places available in the lab. The lab section requires participation on the field trips. It is possible, however, to participate in the field section only.
One of the lecture courses "651-4004-00L Organic Geochemistry and the Global Carbon Cycle" or "651-4044-00L Geomicrobiology and Biogeochemistry, under Link" (both offered during the spring semester) is a mandatory prerequisite for the lab section of the combined Field-Lab Course. They are not mandatory, but recommended for optimally profiting of the contents of the field section.
651-4068-00LEngineering Geology Seminar Information W2 credits2SS. Löw, M. Perras
AbstractThe seminar includes external and internal lectures on ongoing research topics and the presentation and defence of own MSc thesis research results. In addition students have the opportunity to make new contacts with researchers and practitioners, and get an understanding of the international engineering geology community.
ObjectiveThe students get an insight into selected research & development topics in engineering geology, hydrogeology and geothermics. The students present and discuss their MSc thesis research results topic with a larger scientific audience.
ContentThis seminar includes internal and guest lectures related to engineering geology and hydrogeology research topics and presentations of the MSc thesis project results. Students have to attend 8 guest lectures in total during semester 2 and/or 4 and present and defend their own research results in semester 4. They keep a record of the attended guest lectures (using a prepared confirmation sheet).
Lecture notesThe course offers guidelines how to orally present scientific results.
Prerequisites / NoticeCompleted and accepted research plan. Significant results of own MSc thesis work.
651-1615-00LColloqium Geophysics Information W1 credit1KN. Houlié
AbstractThis colloquium comprises geophysical research presentations by invited leading scientists from Europe and overseas, advanced ETH Ph.D. students, new and established ETH scientists with specific new work to be shared with the institute. Topics cover the field of geophysics and related disciplines, to be delivered at the level of a well-informed M.Sc. graduate/early Ph.D. student.
ObjectiveAttendants of this colloquium obtain a broad overview over active and frontier research areas in geophysics as well as opened questions. Invited speakers typically present recent work: Attendants following this colloquium for multiple terms will thus be able to trace new research directions, trends, potentially diminishing research areas, controversies and resolutions thereof, and thus build a solid overview of state and direction of geophysical research. Moreover, the diverse content and delivery style shall help attendants in gaining experience in how to successfully present research results.
651-4088-02LPhysical Geography II (University of Zürich)
No enrolment to this course at ETH Zurich. Book the corresponding module directly at UZH.
UZH Module Code: GEO121

Mind the enrolment deadlines at UZH:
Link
W5 credits2V + 4U + 2PUniversity lecturers
Abstract
ObjectiveSolide Grundkenntnisse in den Bereichen Atmosphäre und Klima sowie
Hydrologie
651-1180-00LResearch Seminar Structural Geology and Tectonics Information Z0 credits1SM. Frehner, N. Mancktelow
AbstractA seminar series with both invited speakers from both inside and outside the ETH.
ObjectiveThe seminar series provides an opportunity to convey the latest research results to students and staff.
ContentInformal seminars with both internal and external speakers on current topics in Structural Geology, Tectonics and Rock Physics. The current program is available at: Link
651-4082-00LFluids and Mineral DepositsW2 credits1SC. A. Heinrich, T. Driesner, A. Quadt Wykradt-Hüchtenbruck, J. P. Weis
AbstractPresentations and literature discussions on current reserch topics in fluid processes and mineral deposit research.
ObjectiveProvide a deeper understanding in the selected research fields on hydrothermal processes and ore deposit formation. This is achieved by literature work as well as discussions of current BSc, MSc and PhD projects, including the MSc Thesis Defense
ContentTopics of hydrothermal geochemistry, fluid flow and ore formation
651-4144-00LIntroduction to Finite Element Modelling in Geosciences Restricted registration - show details W2 credits3GM. Frehner, D. A. May
AbstractIntroduction to programming the finite element method in 1D and 2D.
ObjectiveTopics covered include thermal diffusion, elasticity, stokes flow, and isoparametric elements. The focus is on hands-on-programming, and you will learn how to write FEM codes starting with an empty MATLAB script.
Prerequisite: good knowledge of MATLAB, linear algebra, and knowledge of programming the finite difference method.
ContentTopics covered include thermal diffusion, elasticity, stokes flow, and isoparametric elements. The focus is on hands-on-programming, and you will learn how to write FEM codes starting with an empty MATLAB script.
Lecture notesThe script will be handed out to the students and made available online.
LiteratureThere is no mandatory literature. Some recommended literature will be discussed and made available during the course.
Prerequisites / NoticeGood knowledge of MATLAB, linear algebra, and knowledge of programming the finite difference method.

The following courses are strongly recommended before attending this course:
651-4241-00L Numerical Modelling I and II: Theory and Applications
651-4007-00L Continuum Mechanics
651-4003-00L Numerical Modelling of Rock Deformation
651-4156-00LAdvanced Numerical Techniques for Modelling of Earth SystemsW2 credits3GY. Podladchikov
AbstractWe will be practicing several advanced numerical techniques that are usually beyond the scope of introductory modeling courses but are of extreme importance for cutting edge numerical applications. Learning by doing exercises with MATLAB and MAPLE is the course philosophy. No lecturing, no reading, no hand derivation, programming practice only.
ObjectiveThe techniques include Maple derivations of the thermodynamically consistent closed system of equations for multiphase and multicomponent transport coupled to deformation, conservative numerical schemes for highly nonlinear processes (blow-up, shock and solitary waves, finite support solutions) and ways to handle mesh locking for coupled systems.
651-4904-00LDigital Topography and Geomorphology Practical
Does not take place this semester.
W2 credits2G
AbstractThe abundance of data that describes the shape and the physical properties of the Earth's surface provides us with the opportunity to understand the interactions between the solid Earth and the atmosphere. It allows to detect and quantify the past and active deformation preserved by the landscape.
ObjectiveThis course will teach the basic methods available through GIS tools, and spatially-based computations based on standard, publicly available data. We will also learn about conversions beween standard formats, visualization methods, data extraction and standard geomorphic analyses.
ContentTopographic data, as well as satellite and aerial photography became widely available during the last decade and are now extremely common in virtually any field of Earth Sciences. This data allows to detect and quantify the past and active deformation preserved by the landscape. This includes (but is not limited to) the surface expression of active faults, the deformation of drainage networks under tectonic strain and the role of fractures in erosion and its topographic expression.
Prerequisites / NoticeThe course will be based on ArcGIS and GlobalMapper softwares.
651-4121-00LIntroduction to Carthography and Geovisualisualisation (University of Zurich)
No enrolment to this course at ETH Zurich. Book the corresponding module directly at UZH.
UZH Module Code: GEO975
Mind the enrolment deadlines at UZH:
Link
W3 credits2GUniversity lecturers
Abstract
Objective
860-0015-00LSupply and Responsible Use of Mineral Resources IW3 credits2GC. A. Heinrich, L. Bretschger, F. Brugger, S. Hellweg, B. Wehrli
AbstractStudents critically assess the economic, social, political, and environmental implications of extracting and using energy resources, metals, and bulk materials along the mineral resource cycle for society. They explore various decision-making tools that support policies and guidelines pertaining to mineral resources, and gain insight into different perspectives from government, industry, and NGOs.
ObjectiveStudents will be able to:
- Explain basic concepts applied in resource economics, economic geology, extraction, processing and recycling technologies, environmental and health impact assessments, resource governance, and secondary materials.
- Evaluate the policies and guidelines pertaining to mineral resource extraction.
- Examine decision-making tools for mineral resource related projects.
- Engage constructively with key actors from governmental organizations, mining and trading companies, and NGOs, dealing with issues along the mineral resource cycle.
LiteratureURL: Link
Prerequisites / NoticeSeven week course offered from February 23rd to April 14th.
This course is prerequisite for the case study module course
860-0016-00 Supply and Responsible Use of Mineral Resources II.
Bachelor of Science or Engineering, and enrolled in a Master's or PhD program at ETH Zurich.
860-0016-00LSupply and Responsible Use of Mineral Resources II Information Restricted registration - show details
Number of participants limited to 12.

Prerequisite:
W3 credits2UB. Wehrli, F. Brugger, C. A. Heinrich, N. Lefebvre, J. Mertens
AbstractStudents integrate their knowledge of mineral resources and technical skills to frame and investigate a commodity-specific challenge faced by countries involved in resource extraction. By own research they evaluate possible policy-relevant solutions, engaging in interdisciplinary teams coached by tutors and experts from natural social and engineering sciences.
ObjectiveStudents will be able to:
- Integrate, and extend by own research, their knowledge of mineral resources from course 860-0015-00, in a solution-oriented team with mixed expertise
- Apply their problem solving, and analytical skills to critically assess, and define a complex, real-world mineral resource problem, and propose possible solutions.
- Summarize and synthesize published literature and expert knowledge, evaluate decision-making tools, and policies applied to mineral resources.
- Document and communicate the findings in concise group presentations and a report.
Lecture notesURL: Link
Prerequisites / NoticePrerequisite is 860-0015-00 Supply and Responsible Use of Mineral Resources I. Limited to 12 participants, and the lecturers will compose two teams of mixed background and expertise. First priority will be given to students enrolled in the Master of Science, Technology, and Policy Program. These students must confirm their participation by February 8th by registration through MyStudies. Other graduate students interested in enrolling will be placed onto a waiting list when registering through MyStudies. In addition, these students should please send an e-mail to Prof. Heinrich (Link) explaining their motivation in a few sentences.
651-2001-00LSemester Research Project Restricted registration - show details W3 credits6ALecturers
AbstractSmall individual research project done by a student and supervised by a Professor/Dozent/Oberassistent of D-ERDW. The content of each project is unique and is defined by the supervisor. The project consists of research activity aimed at producing new scientific results and/or data. Short scientific report/paper is written by the student, which serves as a basis for project grading.
Objective- To learn logic, content and methodology of research aimed at producing new scientific results and/or data.
- To familiarize with research procedures in a selected scientific area.
- To obtain experience in writing scientific reports/papers.
- To get prepared for a MSc project.
ContentThe content of each project is unique. This content is defined by the supervisor and discussed with the student, who agrees to take the project. The project should mainly consist of research activity aimed at producing new scientific results and/or data and cannot be limited to a literature work. Short scientific report is written by the student at the end of the project, which serves as a basis for the project grading.
Prerequisites / NoticeGrading criteria for the Semester project is similar to these for an MSc project according to the assessment criteria of the MSc Project Proposal.
651-1091-00LColloquium Department Earth SciencesZ0 credits2KM. W. Schmidt
AbstractInvited speakers from the entire range of Earth Sciences.
ObjectiveSelected themes in sedimentology, tectonics, paläontology, geophysics, mineralogy, paleoclimate and engineering geology on a regional and global scale.
ContentAccording to variable program.
Lecture notesNo
LiteratureNo
Prerequisites / NoticeNote: Geologisches Kolloquium 651-1091-01 K: The presentations are held in German. Membership of the Geological Society in Zurich is not required.
651-3880-00LField Trip Namibia Restricted registration - show details
Maximum 24 places, selection will be on the basis of a two paragraph justification that must be submitted before February 26, 2016 to Link. The reports will be assessed rapidly and candidates will be notified shortly after the assessment.

Additional registration on Link
W3 credits6PT. Driesner, N. Mancktelow
Abstract
Objective
Compulsory Electives in Humanities, Social and Political Sciences
» see GESS Compulsory Electives: Type A: Enhancement of Reflection Capability
» Recommended GESS compulsory elective courses (Type B) for D- ERDW
» see GESS Compulsory Electives: Language Courses ETH/UZH
MSc Project Proposal
Registration only possible with a special approval.
NumberTitleTypeECTSHoursLecturers
651-4060-00LMSc Project Proposal Restricted registration - show details
Prerequisite: All students writing the MSc Project Proposal must attend an introductory lecture on "Conduct as a Scientist" by Prof. Tapio Schneider held in autumn semester.

Additional registration required in the Learning Agreement Tool on Link required.

The MSc Project Proposal is only offered in autumn semester, a registration in spring semester is subject to special approval by the study director.
W10 credits21ALecturers
AbstractThe main purpose of the Master Project Proposal is to help students organize ideas, material and objectives for their Master Thesis, and to begin development of communication skills.
ObjectiveThe main objectives of the Master Project Proposal are to demonstrate
the following abilities:
- to formulate a scientific question
- to present scientific approach to solve the problem
- to interpret, discuss and communicate scientific results in written form
- to gain experience in writing a scientific proposal
Prerequisites / NoticeAll students writing the MSc Project Proposal must attend an introductory lecture on "Conduct as a Scientist" by Prof. Tapio Schneider held in autumn semester.
Master Thesis
NumberTitleTypeECTSHoursLecturers
651-4062-00LMaster's Thesis Restricted registration - show details
Only students who fulfill the following criteria are allowed to begin with their master thesis:
a. successful completion of the bachelor programme;
b. fulfilling of any additional requirements necessary to gain admission to the master programme;
c. have successful completed the MSc Project Proposal

Additional registration required in the Learning Agreement Tool on Link required.
O30 credits64DLecturers
Abstract
Objective
Course Units for Additional Admission Requirements
The courses below are only available for MSc students with additional admission requirements.
NumberTitleTypeECTSHoursLecturers
406-0062-AALPhysics I
Enrolment ONLY for MSc students with a decree declaring this course unit as an additional admission requirement.

Any other students (e.g. incoming exchange students, doctoral students) CANNOT enrol for this course unit.
E-5 credits11RA. Vaterlaus
AbstractIntroduction to the concepts and tools in physics: mechanics of point-like and rigid bodies, elasticity theory, elements of hydrostatics and hydrodynamics, periodic motion and mechanical waves.
ObjectiveIntroduction to the scientific methodology. The student should develop his/her capability to turn physical observations into mathematical models, and to solve the latter.
The student should acquire an overview over the basic concepts in mechanics.
ContentBook:
Physics for Scientists and Engineers, Douglas C. Giancoli, Pearson Education (2009), ISBN: 978-0-13-157849-4

Chapters:
1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 (without: 6-5, 6-6, 6-8), 7, 8 (without 8-9), 9, 10 (without 10-10), 11 (without 11-7), 13 (without 13-13, 13-14), 14 (without 14-6), 15 (without 15-3, 15-5)
Literaturesee "Content"

Friedhelm Kuypers
Physik für Ingenieure und Naturwissenschaftler
Band 1: Mechanik und Thermodynamik
Wiley-VCH Verlag, 2002, 544 S, ca.: Fr. 68.-
406-0243-AALAnalysis I and II Information
Enrolment ONLY for MSc students with a decree declaring this course unit as an additional admission requirement.

Any other students (e.g. incoming exchange students, doctoral students) CANNOT enrol for this course unit.
E-14 credits30RM. Akveld, C. Busch
AbstractMathematical tools for the engineer
ObjectiveMathematics as a tool to solve engineering problems. Mathematical formulation of technical and scientific problems. Basic mathematical knowledge for engineers.
ContentShort introduction to mathematical logic.
Complex numbers.
Calculus for functions of one variable with applications.
Simple types of ordinary differential equations.
Simple Mathematical models in engineering.

Multi variable calculus: gradient, directional derivative, chain rule, Taylor expansion. Multiple integrals: coordinate transformations, path integrals, integrals over surfaces, divergence theorem, applications in physics.
LiteratureTextbooks in English:
- J. Stewart: Calculus, Cengage Learning, 2009, ISBN 978-0-538-73365-6
- J. Stewart: Multivariable Calculus, Thomson Brooks/Cole (e.g. Appendix G on complex numbers)
- V. I. Smirnov: A course of higher mathematics. Vol. II. Advanced calculus
- W. L. Briggs, L. Cochran: Calculus: Early Transcendentals: International Edition, Pearson Education
Textbooks in German:
- M. Akveld, R. Sperb: Analysis I, vdf
- M. Akveld, R. Sperb: Analysis II, vdf
- L. Papula: Mathematik für Ingenieure und Naturwissenschaftler, Vieweg Verlag
- L. Papula: Mathematik für Ingenieure 2, Vieweg Verlag
529-2001-AALChemistry I and II Information
Enrolment ONLY for MSc students with a decree declaring this course unit as an additional admission requirement.

Any other students (e.g. incoming exchange students, doctoral students) CANNOT enrol for this course unit.
E-9 credits19RW. Uhlig, H. Grützmacher
AbstractGeneral Chemistry I and II: Chemical bond and molecular structure, chemical thermodynamics, chemical equilibrium, kinetics, acids and bases, electrochemistry
ObjectiveIntroduction to general and inorganic chemistry. Basics of the composition and the change of the material world. Introduction to the thermodynamically controlled physico-chemical processes. Macroscopic phenomena and their explanation through atomic and molecular properties. Using the theories to solve qualitatively and quantitatively chemical and ecologically relevant problems.
Content1. Stoichiometry

2. Atoms and Elements (Quantenmechanical Model of the Atom)

3. Chemical Bonding

4. Thermodynamics

5. Chemical Kinetics

6. Chemical Equilibrium (Acids and Bases, Solubility Equilibria)

7. Electrochemistry
Lecture notesNivaldo J. Tro
Chemistry - A molecular Approach (Pearson), Chapter 1 - 18
LiteratureC. E. Housecroft, E. C. Constable, 'Chemistry'.
651-3001-AALDynamic Earth I and II Information
Enrolment ONLY for MSc students with a decree declaring this course unit as an additional admission requirement.

Any other students (e.g. incoming exchange students, doctoral students) CANNOT enrol for this course unit.
E-11 credits24RE. Kissling
AbstractProvides a basic introduction into Earth Sciences, emphasizing different rock-types and the geological rock-cycle, as well as introduction into geophysics and plate tectonic theory.
ObjectiveUnderstanding basic geological and geophysical processes
ContentOverview of the Earth as a system, with emphasis on plate tectonic theory and the geological rock-cycle. Provides a basic introduction to crystals and minerals and different rock-types. Lectures include processes in the Earth's interior, physics of the earth, planetology, introduction to magmatic, metamorphic and sedimentary rocks. Excercises are conducted in small groups to provide more in depth understanding of concepts and content of the lectures.
Lecture noteswerden abgegeben.
LiteratureGrotzinger, J., Jordan, T.H., Press, F., Siever, R., 2007, Understanding Earth, W.H. Freeman & Co., New York, 5th Ed.
Press, F. Siever, R., Grotzinger, J. & Jordon, T.H., 2008, Allgemeine Geologie. Spektrum Akademischer Verlag, Heidelberg, 5.Auflage.
Prerequisites / NoticeExercises and short excursions in small groups (10-15 students) will be lead by student assistants. Specific topics in earth sciences will be discussed using examples and case studies. Hand samples of the major rock types will be described and interpreted. Short excursions in the region of Zurich will permit direct experience with earth science processes (e.g. earth surface processes) and recognition of earth science problems and solutions relevant for modern society (e.g. building materials, water resources). Working in small groups will allow for discussion and examination of actual earth science themes.
651-3341-AALLithosphere Information
Enrolment ONLY for MSc students with a decree declaring this course unit as an additional admission requirement.

Any other students (e.g. incoming exchange students, doctoral students) CANNOT enrol for this course unit.
E-3 credits6RE. Kissling, S. Wiemer
AbstractComprehensive understanding of role and evolution of oceanic and continental lithosphere in global plate tectonics and evolution of earth. Understanding principles of theoretical and experimental geothermics and fundamentals of mantle and lithosphere rheologies.
ObjectiveComprehensive understanding of role and evolution of oceanic and continental lithosphere in global plate tectonics and evolution of earth. Understanding principles of theoretical and experimental geothermics and fundamentals of mantle and lithosphere rheologies.
ContentConcept of lithosphere-asthenosphere system in plate tectonics. Physics, chemistry, and rheology of crust and uppermost mantle. Thermal, chemical, and mechanical evolution and destruction/subduction of oceanic lithosphere and evolution of continents. Continental growth, example Europe. Fundamentals of rheology and geothermics of the mantle-lithosphere-crust system.
Lecture notesDetailed scriptum in digital form and additional learning moduls (Link) available on intranet.
Literaturesee list in scriptum.
Prerequisites / NoticePPT-files of each lecture may be played back for rehearsal on Link.
651-3050-AALFundamentals of Geophysics
Enrolment ONLY for MSc students with a decree declaring this course unit as an additional admission requirement.

Any other students (e.g. incoming exchange students, doctoral students) CANNOT enrol for this course unit.
E-6 credits13RP. Tackley, T. Gerya
Abstract
Objective
651-3070-AALFundamentals of Geology
Enrolment ONLY for MSc students with a decree declaring this course unit as an additional admission requirement.

Any other students (e.g. incoming exchange students, doctoral students) CANNOT enrol for this course unit.
E-6 credits13RS. Bernasconi, J.‑P. Burg
Abstract
Objective
651-3400-AALFundamentals of Geochemistry
Enrolment ONLY for MSc students with a decree declaring this course unit as an additional admission requirement.

Any other students (e.g. incoming exchange students, doctoral students) CANNOT enrol for this course unit.
E-6 credits21RT. Driesner, O. Bachmann
AbstractSelf-study course, the contents of which will be defined by consultation with the study advisor.
ObjectiveClose knowledge gaps in geochemistry to fulfill the respective requirements for the earth science MSc programme.
651-3521-AALTectonics Information
Enrolment ONLY for MSc students with a decree declaring this course unit as an additional admission requirement.

Any other students (e.g. incoming exchange students, doctoral students) CANNOT enrol for this course unit.
E-3 credits6RT. Gerya, E. Kissling
AbstractComprehensive understanding of role and evolution of oceanic and continental lithosphere in global plate tectonics and evolution of earth. Understanding principles of theoretical and experimental geothermics and fundamentals of mantle and lithosphere rheologies.
ObjectiveComprehensive understanding of role and evolution of oceanic and continental lithosphere in global plate tectonics and evolution of earth. Understanding principles of theoretical and experimental geothermics and fundamentals of mantle and lithosphere rheologies.
ContentConcept of lithosphere-asthenosphere system in plate tectonics. Physics, chemistry, and rheology of crust and uppermost mantle. Thermal, chemical, and mechanical evolution and destruction/subduction of oceanic lithosphere and evolution of continents. Continental growth, example Europe. Fundamentals of rheology and geothermics of the mantle-lithosphere-crust system.
Lecture notesDetailed scriptum in digital form and additional learning moduls (Link) available on intranet.
Literaturesee list in scriptum.
Prerequisites / NoticePPT-files of each lecture may be played back for rehearsal on Link.