Search result: Catalogue data in Autumn Semester 2024
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 ElectivesThis is a selection of courses particularly suitable for the MSc QE. In agreement with the tutor, students may choose other courses from the ETH course catalogue. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Number | Title | Type | ECTS | Hours | Lecturers | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| 227-0053-00L | High-Frequency Design Techniques | W | 4 credits | 2V + 2U | C. Bolognesi, T. Popovic | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Abstract | Introduction to the basics of high-frequency circuit design techniques used in the realization of high-bandwidth communication systems and devices. Modern society depends on increasingly large data masses that need to be transmitted/processed as rapidly as possible: higher carrier frequencies allow wider bandwidth channels which enable higher data transmission rates. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Learning objective | Familiarize students with the essential tools and principles exploited in the high-frequency design. Introduction to circuit simulation. Introduction to amplifier design. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Content | Introduction to wireless, radio spectrum. Review of vectors and complex numbers, AC circuit analysis, matching networks, distributed circuit design, transmission lines and transmission line equations, reflection coefficients, the Smith Chart and its software, voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR), skin effect, matrix analysis, scattering parameters, electromagnetic fields and waves, amplifier design. Hands-on experience with mesurement equipement. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Lecture notes | A detailed script is provided for each lecture, including the exercises and their solutions. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Literature | Textbook: High Frequency Techniques, by Joseph F. White, 2004, Wiley-Interscience & IEEE Press ISBN 0-471-45591-1 (free online access via ETH-Bibliothek) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| 227-0101-00L | Discrete-Time and Statistical Signal Processing | W | 6 credits | 4G | H.‑A. Loeliger | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Abstract | The course is about some fundamental topics of digital signal processing with a bias towards applications in communications: discrete-time linear filters, inverse filters and equalization, DFT, discrete-time stochastic processes, elements of detection theory and estimation theory, LMMSE estimation and LMMSE filtering, LMS algorithm, Viterbi algorithm. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Learning objective | The course is about some fundamental topics of digital signal processing with a bias towards applications in communications. The two main themes are linearity and probability. In the first part of the course, we deepen our understanding of discrete-time linear filters. In the second part of the course, we review the basics of probability theory and discrete-time stochastic processes. We then discuss some basic concepts of detection theory and estimation theory, as well as some practical methods including LMMSE estimation and LMMSE filtering, the LMS algorithm, and the Viterbi algorithm. A recurrent theme throughout the course is the stable and robust "inversion" of a linear filter. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Content | 1. Discrete-time linear systems and filters: state-space realizations, z-transform and spectrum, decimation and interpolation, digital filter design, stable realizations and robust inversion. 2. The discrete Fourier transform and its use for digital filtering. 3. The statistical perspective: probability, random variables, discrete-time stochastic processes; detection and estimation: MAP, ML, Bayesian MMSE, LMMSE; Wiener filter, LMS adaptive filter, Viterbi algorithm. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Lecture notes | Lecture Notes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 227-0145-00L | Solid State Electronics and Optics | W | 6 credits | 4G | N. Yazdani, V. Wood | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Abstract | "Solid State Electronics" is an introductory condensed matter physics course covering crystal structure, electron models, classification of metals, semiconductors, and insulators, band structure engineering, thermal and electronic transport in solids, magnetoresistance, and optical properties of solids. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Learning objective | Understand the fundamental physics behind the mechanical, thermal, electric, magnetic, and optical properties of materials. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Prerequisites / Notice | Recommended background: Undergraduate physics, mathematics, semiconductor devices | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 227-0146-00L | Data Conversion System Design Up until HS23 named Analog-to-Digital Converters | W | 6 credits | 2V + 2U | T. Burger, G. Cervelli, R. Reutemann | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Abstract | This course provides a thorough treatment of integrated data conversion systems from system level specifications and trade-offs, over architecture choice down to circuit implementation. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Learning objective | Data conversion systems are substantial sub-parts of many electronic systems, e.g. the audio conversion system of a home-cinema systems or the base-band front-end of a wireless modem. Data conversion systems usually determine the performance of the overall system in terms of dynamic range and linearity. Students will learn the underlying principles of data conversion and be introduced to the different methods and circuit architectures to implement such a conversion. The conversion methods such as successive approximation or algorithmic conversion are explained based on their operation principle accompanied with the appropriate mathematical calculations, including effects of non-idealties in some cases. After successful completion of the course students should understand the concept of an ideal ADC, know all major converter architectures, their principle of operation and what governs their performance. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Content | - Introduction: examples of data conversion architectures; information representation; abstraction, categorization and symbolic representation; basic conversion algorithms; data converter application; tradeoffs among key parameters; ADC taxonomy. - Dual-slope & successive approximation register (SAR) converters: dual slope principle & converter; SAR ADC operating principle; SAR implementation with a capacitive array; range extension with segmented array. - Algorithmic & pipelined A/D converters: algorithmic conversion principle; sample & hold stage; pipe-lined converter; multiplying DAC; flash sub-ADC and n-bit MDAC; redundancy for correction of non-idealties, error correction. - Performance metrics and non-linearity: ideal ADC; offset, gain error, differential and integral non-linearities; capacitor mismatch; impact of capacitor mismatch on SAR ADC's performance. - Flash, folding an interpolating analog-to-digital converters: flash ADC principle, thermometer to binary coding, sparkle correction; limitations of flash converters; the folding principle, residue extraction; folding amplifiers; cascaded folding; interpolation for folding converters; cascaded folding and interpolation. - Noise in analog-to-digital converters: types of noise; noise calculation in electronic circuit, kT/C-noise, sampled noise; noise analysis in switched-capacitor circuits; aperture time uncertainty and sampling jitter. - Delta-sigma A/D-converters: linearity and resolution; from delta-modulation to delta-sigma modulation; first-oder delta-sigma modulation, circuit level implementation; clock-jitter & SNR in delta-sigma modulators; second-order delta-sigma modulation, higher-order modulation, design procedure for a single-loop modulator. - Digital-to-analog converters: introduction; current scaling D/A converter, current steering DAC, calibration for improved performance, delta-sigma D/A-converters. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Lecture notes | Slides are available online under https://iis-students.ee.ethz.ch/lectures/analog-to-digital-converters/ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Literature | - B. Razavi, Principles of Data Conversion System Design, IEEE Press, 1994 - M. Gustavsson et. al., CMOS Data Converters for Communications, Springer, 2010 - R.J. van de Plassche, CMOS Integrated Analog-to-Digital and Digital-to-Analog Converters, Springer, 2010 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Prerequisites / Notice | It is highly recommended to attend the course "Analog Integrated Circuits" of Prof. T. Jang as a preparation for this course. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| 227-0157-00L | Semiconductor Devices: Physical Bases and Simulation | W | 4 credits | 3G | A. Schenk, C. I. Roman | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Abstract | The course addresses the physical principles of modern semiconductor devices and the foundations of their modeling and numerical simulation. Necessary basic knowledge on quantum-mechanics, semiconductor physics and device physics is provided. Computer simulations of the most important devices and of interesting physical effects supplement the lectures. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Learning objective | The course aims at the understanding of the principle physics of modern semiconductor devices, of the foundations in the physical modeling of transport and its numerical simulation. During the course also basic knowledge on quantum-mechanics, semiconductor physics and device physics is provided. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Content | The main topics are: transport models for semiconductor devices (quantum transport, Boltzmann equation, drift-diffusion model, hydrodynamic model), physical characterization of silicon (intrinsic properties, scattering processes), mobility of cold and hot carriers, recombination (Shockley-Read-Hall statistics, Auger recombination), impact ionization, metal-semiconductor contact, metal-insulator-semiconductor structure, and heterojunctions. The exercises are focussed on the theory and the basic understanding of the operation of special devices, as single-electron transistor, resonant tunneling diode, pn-diode, bipolar transistor, MOSFET, and laser. Numerical simulations of such devices are performed with an advanced simulation package (Sentaurus-Synopsys). This enables to understand the physical effects by means of computer experiments. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Lecture notes | The script (in book style) can be downloaded from: https://iis-students.ee.ethz.ch/lectures/ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Literature | The script (in book style) is sufficient. Further reading will be recommended in the lecture. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Prerequisites / Notice | Qualifications: Physics I+II, Semiconductor devices (4. semester). | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 227-0166-00L | Analog Integrated Circuits | W | 6 credits | 4G | T. Jang | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Abstract | This course provides a foundation in analog integrated circuit design based on bipolar and CMOS technologies. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Learning objective | Integrated circuits are responsible for much of the progress in electronics in the last 50 years, particularly the revolutions in the Information and Communications Technologies we witnessed in recent years. Analog integrated circuits play a crucial part in the highly integrated systems that power the popular electronic devices we use daily. Understanding their design is beneficial to both future designers and users of such systems. The basic elements, design issues and techniques for analog integrated circuits will be taught in this course. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Content | Review of bipolar and MOS devices and their small-signal equivalent circuit models; Building blocks in analog circuits such as current sources, active load, current mirrors, supply independent biasing etc; Amplifiers: differential amplifiers, cascode amplifier, high gain structures, output stages, gain bandwidth product of op-amps; stability; comparators; second-order effects in analog circuits such as mismatch, noise and offset; data converters; frequency synthesizers; switched capacitors. The exercise sessions aim to reinforce the lecture material by well guided step-by-step design tasks. The circuit simulator SPECTRE is used to facilitate the tasks. There is also an experimental session on op-amp measurements. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Lecture notes | Handouts of presented slides. No script but an accompanying textbook is recommended. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Literature | Behzad Razavi, Design of Analog CMOS Integrated Circuits (Irwin Electronics & Computer Engineering) 1st or 2nd edition, McGraw-Hill Education | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 227-0225-00L | Linear System Theory | W | 6 credits | 5G | J. Lygeros, A. Tsiamis | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Abstract | The class is intended to provide a comprehensive overview of the theory of linear dynamical systems, stability analysis, and their use in control and estimation. The focus is on the mathematics behind the physical properties of these systems and on understanding and constructing proofs of properties of linear control systems. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Learning objective | Students should be able to apply the fundamental results in linear system theory to analyze and control linear dynamical systems. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Content | - Proof techniques and practices. - Linear spaces, normed linear spaces and Hilbert spaces. - Ordinary differential equations, existence and uniqueness of solutions. - Continuous and discrete-time, time-varying linear systems. Time domain solutions. Time invariant systems treated as a special case. - Controllability and observability, duality. Time invariant systems treated as a special case. - Stability and stabilization, observers, state and output feedback, separation principle. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Lecture notes | Available on the course Moodle platform. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Prerequisites / Notice | Sufficient mathematical maturity, in particular in linear algebra, analysis. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| 227-0311-00L | Qubits, Electrons, Photons | W | 6 credits | 3V + 2U | T. Zambelli | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Abstract | In-depth analysis of the quantum mechanics origin of nuclear magnetic resonance (qubits, two-level systems), of LASER (quantization of the electromagnetic field, photons), and of electron transfer (from electrochemistry to photosynthesis). | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Learning objective | Beside electronics nanodevices, D-ITET is pushing its research in the fields of NMR (MRI), electrochemistry, bioelectronics, nano-optics, and quantum information, which are all rationalized in terms of quantum mechanics. Starting from the axioms of quantum mechanics, we will derive the fascinating theory describing spin and qubits, electron transitions and transfer, photons and LASER: quantum mechanics is different because it mocks our daily Euclidean intuition! In this way, students will work out a robust quantum mechanics (theoretical!!!) basis which will help them in their advanced studies of the following masters: EEIT (batteries), Biomedical Engineering (NMR, bioelectronics), Quantum Engineering, Micro- and Nanosystems. IMPORTANT: "qubits" from the point of view of NMR (and NOT from that of quantum computing!). | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Content | • Lagrangian and Hamiltonian: Symmetries and Poisson Brackets • Postulates of QM: Hilbert Spaces and Operators • Heisenberg’s Matrix Mechanics: Hamiltonian and Time Evolution Operator • Density Operator • Spin: Qubits, Bloch Equations, and NMR • Entanglement • Symmetries and Corresponding Operators • Schrödinger's Wave Mechanics: Electrons in a Periodic Potential and Energy Bands • Harmonic Oscillator: Creation and Annihilation Operators • Identical Particles: Bosons and Fermions • Quantization of the Electromagnetic Field: Photons, Absorption and Emission, LASER • Electron Transfer: Marcus Theory via Born-Oppenheimer, Franck-Condon, Landau-Zener | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Lecture notes | No lecture notes because the proposed textbooks together with the provided supplementary material are more than exhaustive! !!! I am using OneNote. All lectures and exercises will be broadcast via ZOOM, while corresponding videos of the previous years are available in Moodle !!! | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Literature | • J.S. Townsend, "A Modern Approach to Quantum Mechanics", Second Edition, 2012, University Science Books • M. Le Bellac, "Quantum Physics", 2011, Cambridge University Press • (Lagrangian and Hamiltonian) L. Susskind, G. Hrabovsky, "Theoretical Minimum: What You Need to Know to Start Doing Physics", 2014, Hachette Book Group USA Supplementary material will be uploaded in Moodle. _ _ _ _ _ _ _ + (as rigorous and profound presentation of the mathematical framework) G. Dell'Antonio, "Lectures on the Mathematics of Quantum Mechanics I", 2015, Springer + (as account of those formidable years) G. Gamow, "Thirty Years that Shook Physics", 1985, Dover Publications Inc. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Prerequisites / Notice | The course has been intentionally conceived to be self-consistent with respect to QM for those master students not having encountered it in their track yet. Therefore, a presumably large overlapping has to be expected with a (welcome!) QM introduction course like the D-ITET "Physics II". A solid base of Analysis I & II as well as of Linear Algebra is really helpful. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| 227-0468-00L | Analog Signal Processing and Filtering Suitable for Master Students as well as Doctoral Students. | W | 6 credits | 2V + 2U | H. Schmid | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Abstract | This lecture provides a wide overview over analog filters (continuous-time and discrete-time), signal-processing systems, and sigma-delta conversion, and gives examples with sensor interfaces and class-D audio drivers. All systems and circuits are treated using a signal-flow view. The lecture is suitable for both analog and digital designers. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Learning objective | This lecture provides a wide overview over analog filters (continuous-time and discrete-time), signal-processing systems, and sigma-delta conversion, and gives examples with sensor interfaces and class-D audio drivers. All systems and circuits are treated using a signal-flow view. The lecture is suitable for both analog and digital designers. The way the exam is done allows for the different interests of the two groups. The learning goal is that the students can apply signal-flow graphs and can understand the signal flow in such circuits and systems (including non-ideal effects) well enough to gain an understanding of further circuits and systems by themselves. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Content | At the beginning, signal-flow graphs in general and driving-point signal-flow graphs in particular are introduced. We will use them during the whole term to analyze circuits on a system level (analog continuous-time, analog discrete-time, mixed-signal and digital) and understand how signals propagate through them. The theory and CMOS implementation of active Filters is then discussed in detail using the example of Gm-C filters and active-RC filters. The ideal and nonideal behaviour of opamps, current conveyors, and inductor simulators follows. The link to the practical design of circuits and systems is done with an overview over different quality measures and figures of merit used in scientific literature and datasheets. Finally, an introduction to discrete-time and mixed-domain filters and circuits is given, including sensor read-out amplifiers, correlated double sampling, and chopping, and an introduction to sigma-delta A/D and D/A conversion on a system level. This lecture does not go down to the details of transistor implementations. The lecture "227-0166-00L Analog Integrated Circuits" complements This lecture very well in that respect. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Lecture notes | The base for these lectures are lecture notes and two or three published scientific papers. From these papers we will together develop the technical content. Details: https://people.ee.ethz.ch/~haschmid/asfwiki/ The graph methods are also supported with teaching videos: https://tube.switch.ch/channels/d206c96c?order=episodes , and a Python-based open-source tool to manipulate graphs is available on https://github.com/hanspi42/signalflowgrapher Some material is protected by password; students from ETHZ who are interested can write to haschmid@ethz.ch to ask for the password even if they do not attend the lecture. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Prerequisites / Notice | Prerequisites: Recommended (but not required): Stochastic models and signal processing, Communication Electronics, Analog Integrated Circuits, Transmission Lines and Filters. Knowledge of the Laplace transform and z transform and their interpretation (transfer functions, poles and zeros, bode diagrams, stability criteria ...) and of the main properties of linear systems is necessary. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| 227-0653-00L | Quantum Measurements and Optomechanics Quantum Measurements and Optomechanics | W | 6 credits | 2V + 2U | M. Frimmer | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Abstract | The measurement process is at the heart of both science and engineering. Measurement precision is ultimately limited by the laws of quantum mechanics. This course provides the knowledge necessary to understand current state-of-the-art quantum measurement systems operating at their fundamental limits with a particular focus on optomechanical implementations. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Learning objective | The goal of this course is to understand the quantum limits of measurement precision together with a formal description of the measurement process in the framework of quantum mechanics. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Content | The lecture starts with summarizing the relevant fundamentals of the treatment of noisy signals. We familiarize ourselves with the concept of measurement imprecision in light-based measurement systems. To this end, we consider the process of photodetection and discuss the statistical fluctuations arising from the quantization of the electromagnetic field into photons. We exemplify our insights at hand of concrete examples, such as homodyne and heterodyne photodetection. Furthermore, we focus on the process of measurement backaction, the inevitable result of the interaction of the probe with the system under investigation. We discuss the “standard quantum limit” as it arises from the balance of measurement imprecision and backaction, before turning to approaches to overcome it and reach the fundamental “Heisenberg limit”. The course emphasizes the connection between the taught concepts and current state-of-the-art research carried out in the field of optomechanics. Exercises serve to consolidate our understanding and insight. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Prerequisites / Notice | 1. Electrodynamics 2. Physics 1,2 3. Introduction to quantum mechanics | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| 402-0465-58L | Intersubband Optoelectronics Does not take place this semester. | W | 6 credits | 2V + 1U | G. Scalari, J. Faist | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Abstract | Intersubband transitions in quantum wells are transitions between states created by quantum confinement in ultra-thin layers of semiconductors. Because of its inherent taylorability, this system can be seen as the "ultimate quantum designer's material". | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Learning objective | The goal of this lecture is to explore both the rich physics as well as the application of these system for sources and detectors. In fact, devices based on intersubband transitions are now unlocking large area of the electromagnetic spectrum. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Content | The lecture will treat the following chapters: - Introduction: intersubband optoelectronics as an example of quantum engineering -Technological aspects - Electronic states in semiconductor quantum wells - Intersubband absorption and scattering processes - Mid-Ir and THz ISB Detectors -Mid-infrared and THz photonics: waveguides, resonators, metamaterials - Quantum Cascade lasers: -Mid-IR QCLs -THZ QCLs (direct and non-linear generation) -further electronic confinement: interlevel Qdot transitions and magnetic field effects -Strong light-matter coupling in Mid-IR and THz range | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Lecture notes | The reference book for the lecture is "Quantum Cascade Lasers" by Jerome Faist , published by Oxford University Press. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Literature | Mostly the original articles, other useful reading can be found in: -E. Rosencher and B. Vinter, Optoelectronics , Cambridge Univ. Press -G. Bastard, Wave mechanics applied to semiconductor heterostructures, Halsted press | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Prerequisites / Notice | Requirements: A basic knowledge of solid-state physics and of quantum electronics. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 227-0663-00L | Nano-Optics Does not take place this semester. | W | 6 credits | 2V + 2U | M. Frimmer | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Abstract | Nano-Optics is the study of light-matter interaction at the sub-wavelength scale. It is an flourishing field of fundamental and applied research enabled by the rapid advance of nanotechnology. Nano-optics embraces topics such as plasmonics, optical antennas, optical trapping and manipulation, and high/super-resolution imaging and spectroscopy. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Learning objective | Understanding concepts of light localization and light-matter interactions on the sub-wavelength scale. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Content | We start with the angular spectrum representation of fields to understand the classical resolution limit. We continue with the theory of strongly focused light, the point spread function, and resolution criteria of conventional microscopy, before turning to super-resolution techniques, based on near- and far-fields. We introduce the local density of states and approaches to control spontaneous emission rates in inhomogeneous environments, including optical antennas. Finally, we touch upon optical forces and their applications in optical tweezers. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Prerequisites / Notice | - Electromagnetic fields and waves (or equivalent) - Physics I+II | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 151-0563-01L | Dynamic Programming and Optimal Control | W | 4 credits | 2V + 1U | R. D'Andrea | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Abstract | Introduction to Dynamic Programming and Optimal Control. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Learning objective | Covers the fundamental concepts of Dynamic Programming & Optimal Control. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Content | Dynamic Programming Algorithm; Deterministic Systems and Shortest Path Problems; Infinite Horizon Problems, Bellman Equation; Deterministic Continuous-Time Optimal Control. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Literature | Dynamic Programming and Optimal Control by Dimitri P. Bertsekas, Vol. I, 3rd edition, 2005, 558 pages, hardcover. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Prerequisites / Notice | Requirements: Knowledge of advanced calculus, introductory probability theory, and matrix-vector algebra. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 252-0535-00L | Advanced Machine Learning | W | 10 credits | 3V + 2U + 4A | J. M. Buhmann, C. Cotrini Jimenez | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Abstract | Machine learning algorithms provide analytical methods to search data sets for characteristic patterns. Typical tasks include the classification of data, function fitting and clustering, with applications in image and speech analysis, bioinformatics and exploratory data analysis. This course is accompanied by practical machine learning projects. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Learning objective | Students will be familiarized with advanced concepts and algorithms for supervised and unsupervised learning; reinforce the statistics knowledge which is indispensible to solve modeling problems under uncertainty. Key concepts are the generalization ability of algorithms and systematic approaches to modeling and regularization. Machine learning projects will provide an opportunity to test the machine learning algorithms on real world data. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Content | The theory of fundamental machine learning concepts is presented in the lecture, and illustrated with relevant applications. Students can deepen their understanding by solving both pen-and-paper and programming exercises, where they implement and apply famous algorithms to real-world data. Topics covered in the lecture include: Fundamentals: What is data? Bayesian Learning Computational learning theory Supervised learning: Ensembles: Bagging and Boosting Max Margin methods Neural networks Unsupservised learning: Dimensionality reduction techniques Clustering Mixture Models Non-parametric density estimation Learning Dynamical Systems | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Lecture notes | No lecture notes, but slides will be made available on the course webpage. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Literature | C. Bishop. Pattern Recognition and Machine Learning. Springer 2007. R. Duda, P. Hart, and D. Stork. Pattern Classification. John Wiley & Sons, second edition, 2001. T. Hastie, R. Tibshirani, and J. Friedman. The Elements of Statistical Learning: Data Mining, Inference and Prediction. Springer, 2001. L. Wasserman. All of Statistics: A Concise Course in Statistical Inference. Springer, 2004. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Prerequisites / Notice | The course requires solid basic knowledge in analysis, statistics and numerical methods for CSE as well as practical programming experience for solving assignments. Students should have followed at least "Introduction to Machine Learning" or an equivalent course offered by another institution. PhD students are required to obtain a passing grade in the course (4.0 or higher based on project and exam) to gain credit points. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 252-0836-00L | Computer Science II | W | 4 credits | 2V + 2U | R. Sasse, F. Friedrich Wicker | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Abstract | The courses covers the foundations of design and analysis of algorithms and data structures, including graph theory and graph problems. It also introduces generic and parallel programming. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Learning objective | Understanding design, analysis and implementation of fundamental algorithms and data structures. Overview of the concepts of generic and parallel programming. Hands-on experience with implementing the aforementioned in C++. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Content | * Asymptotic runtime (algorithmic complexity) * Fundamental algorithmic problems, e.g. searching, sorting, shortest paths, spanning trees * Classical data structures, e.g. search trees, balanced trees, heaps, hash tables * Graph theory and graph problems * Problem solving strategies as design patterns for algorithms, e.g. induction, divide and conquer, backtracking, dynamic programming * Generic programming: C++ templates higher-order functions, lambdas, closures * Parallel programming: (in)dependence of computations, parallelism and concurrency, shared memory, races, mutual exclusion, communication and synchronisation Knowledge obtained in the lecture is deepened through practical and/or programming exercises (C++, Code Expert). | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Lecture notes | All material (slides, lecture recordings, examples, exercises, etc.) will be published on the course website. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Literature | * T. Ottmann, P. Widmayer: Algorithmen und Datenstrukturen, Spektrum-Verlag, 5. Auflage, Heidelberg, Berlin, Oxford, 2011 * T. H. Cormen, C. E. Leiserson, R. Rivest, C. Stein: Algorithmen - Eine Einführung, Oldenbourg, 2010 * B. Stroustrup, The C++ Programming Language, 4th Edition, Addison-Wesley, 2013. * B. Stroustrup, A Tour of C++, 3rd Edition, Addison-Wesley, 2022 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Prerequisites / Notice | Prerequisite: Computer Science I | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| 402-0257-00L | Advanced Solid State Physics | W | 10 credits | 3V + 2U | W. Wegscheider | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Abstract | This course is an extension of the introductory course on solid state physics. The purpose of this course is to learn to navigate the complex collective quantum phases, excitations and phase transitions that are the dominant theme in modern solid state physics. The emphasis is on the main concepts and on specific experimental examples, both classic ones and those from recent research. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Learning objective | The goal is to study how novel phenomena emerge in the solid state. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Content | Today's challenges and opportunities in Solid State Physics: Phase transitions and critical phenomena, Fermi surface instabilities, Superconductors, Magnetism of insulators, Semiconductors | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Lecture notes | The printed material for this course involves: (1) a self-contained script, distributed electronically at semester start. (2) experimental examples (Power Point slide-style) selected from original publications, distributed at the start of every lecture. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Literature | A list of books will be distributed. Numerous references to useful published scientific papers will be provided. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Prerequisites / Notice | This course is for students who like to be engaged in active learning. The "exercise classes" are organized in a non-traditional way: following the idea of "less is more", we will work on only about half a dozen topics, and this gives students a chance to take a look at original literature (provided), and to get the grasp of a topic from a broader perspective. The "compulsory performance element" of this lecture is a presentation of a paper complementing the lecture topics. Several topics and corresponding papers will be offered on the moodle page of this lecture. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| 402-0317-00L | Semiconductor Materials: Fundamentals and Fabrication | W | 6 credits | 2V + 1U | S. Schön, W. Wegscheider | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Abstract | This course gives an introduction into the fundamentals of semiconductor materials. The main focus is on state-of-the-art fabrication and characterization methods. The course will be continued in the spring term with a focus on applications. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Learning objective | Basic knowledge of semiconductor physics and technology. Application of this knowledge for state-of-the-art semiconductor device processing | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Content | 1. Fundamentals of Solid State Physics 1.1 Semiconductor materials 1.2 Band structures 1.3 Carrier statistics in intrinsic and doped semiconductors 1.4 p-n junctions 1.5 Low-dimensional structures 2. Bulk Material growth of Semiconductors 2.1 Czochalski method 2.2 Floating zone method 2.3 High pressure synthesis 3. Semiconductor Epitaxy 3.1 Fundamentals of Epitaxy 3.2 Molecular Beam Epitaxy (MBE) 3.3 Metal-Organic Chemical Vapor Deposition (MOCVD) 3.4 Liquid Phase Epitaxy (LPE) 4. In situ characterization 4.1 Pressure and temperature 4.2 Reflectometry 4.3 Ellipsometry and RAS 4.4 LEED, AES, XPS 4.5 STM, AFM 5. The invention of the transistor - Christmas lecture | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Lecture notes | https://moodle-app2.let.ethz.ch/course/view.php?id=23113 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Prerequisites / Notice | The "compulsory performance element" of this lecture is a short presentation of a research paper complementing the lecture topics. Several topics and corresponding papers will be offered on the moodle page of this lecture. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| 402-0402-00L | Ultrafast Laser Physics | W | 10 credits | 3V + 2U | L. Gallmann | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Abstract | Introduction to ultrafast laser physics with an outlook into cutting edge research topics such as attosecond science and coherent ultrafast sources from THz to X-rays. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Learning objective | Understanding of basic physics and technology for pursuing research in ultrafast laser science. How are ultrashort laser pulses generated, how do they interact with matter, how can we measure these shortest man-made events and how can we use them to time-resolve ultrafast processes in nature? Fundamental concepts and techniques will be linked to a selection of hot topics in current research and applications. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Content | The lecture covers the following topics: a) Linear pulse propagation: mathematical description of pulses and their propagation in linear optical systems, effect of dispersion on ultrashort pulses, concepts of pulse carrier and envelope, time-bandwidth product b) Dispersion compensation: technologies for controlling dispersion, pulse shaping, measurement of dispersion c) Nonlinear pulse propagation: intensity-dependent refractive index (Kerr effect), self-phase modulation, nonlinear pulse compression, self-focusing, filamentation, nonlinear Schrödinger equation, solitons, non-instantaneous nonlinear effects (Raman/Brillouin), self-steepening, saturable gain and absorption d) Second-order nonlinearities with ultrashort pulses: phase-matching with short pulses and real beams, quasi-phase matching, second-harmonic and sum-frequency generation, parametric amplification and generation e) Relaxation oscillations: dynamical behavior of rate equations after perturbation f) Q-switching: active Q-switching and its theory based on rate equations, active Q-switching technologies, passive Q-switching and theory g) Active modelocking: introduction to modelocking, frequency comb versus axial modes, theory for various regimes of laser operation, Haus master equation formalism h) Passive modelocking: slow, fast and ideally fast saturable absorbers, semiconductor saturable absorber mirror (SESAM), designs of and materials for SESAMs, modelocking with slow absorber and dynamic gain saturation, modelocking with ideally fast saturable absorber, Kerr-lens modelocking, soliton modelocking, Q-switching instabilities in modelocked lasers, inverse saturable absorption i) Pulse duration measurements: rf cables and electronics, fast photodiodes, linear system theory for microwave test systems, intensity and interferometric autocorrelations and their limitations, frequency-resolved optical gating, spectral phase interferometry for direct electric-field reconstruction and more j) Noise: microwave spectrum analyzer as laser diagnostics, amplitude noise and timing jitter of ultrafast lasers, lock-in detection k) Ultrafast measurements: pump-probe scheme, transient absorption/differential transmission spectroscopy, four-wave mixing, optical gating and more l) Frequency combs and carrier-envelope offset phase: measurement and stabilization of carrier-envelope offset phase (CEP), time and frequency domain applications of CEP-stabilized sources m) High-harmonic generation and attosecond science: non-perturbative nonlinear optics / strong-field phenomena, high-harmonic generation (HHG), phase-matching in HHG, attosecond pulse generation, attosecond technology: detectors and diagnostics, attosecond metrology (streaking, RABBITT, transient absorption, attoclock), example experiments n) Ultrafast THz science: generation and detection, physics in THz domain, weak-field and strong-field applications | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Literature | Ultrafast Lasers, U. Keller, Springer, ISBN 978-3-030-82534-8 (soft cover), ISBN 978-3-030-82531-7 (hard cover), ISBN 978-3-030-82532-4 (ebook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-82532-4 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Prerequisites / Notice | Prerequisites: Basic knowledge of quantum electronics (e. g., 402-0275-00L Quantenelektronik). | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| 402-0442-05L | Advanced Topics in Quantum Optics  | W | 4 credits | 2G | T. Esslinger | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Abstract | The lecture will cover current topics and papers in the wider field of quantum optics in an interactive format. Several papers will be presented by the students in the style of a journal club. Selected papers will be contrasted and their strengths and weaknesses discussed by the students in panel discussions. Recent papers on arXiv.org will be discussed and referee reports referee reports. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Learning objective | The aim of the lecture is to deepen and broaden the knowledge about current research in the field of quantum optics. In addition, it will also be discussed and critically examined how research results are communicated via publications and lectures and which techniques are used in the process. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Content | We will select topical fields in quantum optics and quantum science and discuss recently published work. Topics: - Atoms or ions-based quantum computing - Quantum simulation - Opto-mechanics - Driven and dissipative quantum systems - Cavity based atom-light interaction - Topological photonics The interactive part of the lecture will include presentations of recent papers, panel discussions of recent papers and the writing of a critical assessment of an arXiv paper in the style of a referee report. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| 402-0444-00L | Dissipative Quantum Systems Does not take place this semester. | W | 6 credits | 2V + 1U | A. Imamoglu | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Abstract | This course builds up on the material covered in the Quantum Optics course. The emphasis will be on quantum optics in condensed-matter systems. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Learning objective | The course aims to provide the knowledge necessary for pursuing advanced research in the field of Quantum Optics in condensed matter systems. Fundamental concepts and techniques of Quantum Optics will be linked to experimental research in systems such as quantum dots, exciton-polaritons, quantum Hall fluids and graphene-like materials. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Content | Description of open quantum systems using master equation and quantum trajectories. Decoherence and quantum measurements. Dicke superradiance. Dissipative phase transitions. Spin photonics. Signatures of electron-phonon and electron-electron interactions in optical response. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Lecture notes | Lecture notes will be provided | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Literature | C. Cohen-Tannoudji et al., Atom-Photon-Interactions (recommended) Y. Yamamoto and A. Imamoglu, Mesoscopic Quantum Optics (recommended) A collection of review articles (will be pointed out during the lecture) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Prerequisites / Notice | Masters level quantum optics knowledge | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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